springboot如何优雅地启动netty

在公司开发长连接的场景是复杂的，需要开发人员足够的了解netty各种类的使用，现在离职刚好有时间，本人打算把之前用过的netty经验分享出来，想要一起学习的同学，关注走一波，关注不迷路。本文先介绍如何优雅地在springboot中启动netty服务端。

一、pom导包

        <!-- netty -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.66.Final</version>
        </dependency>

二、服务端

package com.haocun.netty.netty.server;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

/**
 * @Classname NettyServer
 * @Description TODO
 * @Date 2023/8/26 11:03
 * @Created by Administrator
 */
@Component
public class NettyServer {

    @PostConstruct//此注解表示随着spring容器的加载而加载
    public void start() throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup boss = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup work = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
        b.group(boss,work)
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                .localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(8099))
                .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                    @Override
                    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                        ch.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());
                    }
                });
        ChannelFuture channelFuture = b.bind().sync();
        if (channelFuture.isSuccess()){
            System.out.println("netty启动成功");
        }
    }
}

@Component与@PostConstruct 这两个注解很重要，@Component表示告诉spring容器，这个类型需要你扫码一下，我想变成你容器里面的一个bean；@PostConstruct表示被加上的方法随着容器的加载而执行。

 

三、添加一个netty的Handel事件处理器

/**
 * @Classname ServerHandler
 * @Description TODO
 * @Date 2023/8/26 11:05
 * @Created by Administrator
 */
public class ServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg){
        ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf) msg;
        System.out.println("Server received: " + in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        ctx.write(in);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx){
        ctx.writeAndFlush(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause){
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

至此结束，你可以加一个client端来测试一下

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        NioEventLoopGroup eventExecutors = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            //创建bootstrap对象，配置参数
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            //设置线程组
            bootstrap.group(eventExecutors)
                    //设置客户端的通道实现类型
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    //使用匿名内部类初始化通道
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            //添加客户端通道的处理器
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());
                        }
                    });
            //连接服务端
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 8099).sync();
            channelFuture.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
                @Override
                public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture channelFuture) throws Exception {
                    System.out.println(channelFuture.isSuccess());
                }
            });
            //对通道关闭进行监听
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            //关闭线程组
            eventExecutors.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

/**
 * @Classname ClientHandler
 * @Description TODO
 * @Date 2023/8/25 23:03
 * @Created by Administrator
 */
public class ClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        //发送消息到服务端
        ChannelFuture future =ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("歪比巴卜~茉莉~Are you good~马来西亚~", CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        future.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
            @Override
            public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture channelFuture) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("fasong"+channelFuture.isSuccess());
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        //接收服务端发送过来的消息
        ByteBuf byteBuf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        System.out.println("收到服务端" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + "的消息：" + byteBuf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
    }
}

当然，我实际项目中用的是另一种方法，但是觉得不够优雅，也可以贴一下代码

还有几种方式可以启动，也可以去其他地方找一些，原理是大同小异。