三、SpringCloud鉴权之OAuth2.0(上篇)

鉴权中心

springsecurity oauth2.0

1、前言

必备知识

学习本文之前你应该会熟练使用Springboot，并对SpringSecurity和OAuth2.0有所理解，如有需要请参考下面的一些内容，简单理解下相关知识

SpringSecurity

Spring Security是一个功能强大、高度可定制的身份验证和访问控制框架。它用于保护基于Spring的应用程序。Spring Security是一个专注于向Java应用程序提供身份验证和授权的框架。与所有Spring项目一样，Spring安全的真正威力在于它可以很容易地扩展以满足定制需求。

OAuth2.0

OAuth 2.0是用于授权的行业标准协议。OAuth2.0注重客户端开发人员的简单性，同时为Web应用程序、桌面应用程序、移动电话和客厅设备提供特定的授权流。更多请参考 OAuth2.0

OAuth2.0模式

2、前期必备

核心pom依赖如下:

<!-- 注意是starter,自动配置 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 不是starter,手动配置 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 将token存储在redis中 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>

创建一个rest接口用于后面测试资源

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class TestSecurityController {
    @GetMapping("/product/{id}")
    public String getProduct(@PathVariable String id) {
        //for debug
        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
        return "product id : "   id;
    }

    @GetMapping("/order/{id}")
    public String getOrder(@PathVariable String id) {
        //for debug
        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
        return "order id : "   id;
    }
}

3、操作步骤

很多文章写的特别复杂，其实主要的内容也就分为下面几步

3.1、授权服务器AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter

需要自定义授权服务器，继承AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter，详细代码如下

@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer
public   class AuthServerConfiguration extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
    private static final String DEMO_RESOURCE_ID = "order";

    @Autowired
    AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    @Autowired
    RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory;

    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        //配置两个客户端,一个用于password认证一个用于client认证
        String secret = new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456");对密码进行加密
        clients.inMemory().withClient("client_1")
                .resourceIds(DEMO_RESOURCE_ID)
                .authorizedGrantTypes("client_credentials", "refresh_token")
                .scopes("select")
                .authorities("client")
                .secret(secret)
                .and().withClient("client_2")
                .resourceIds(DEMO_RESOURCE_ID)
                .authorizedGrantTypes("password", "refresh_token")
                .scopes("select")
                .authorities("client")
                .secret(secret);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
        endpoints
                .tokenStore(new RedisTokenStore(redisConnectionFactory))
                .authenticationManager(authenticationManager);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer oauthServer) throws Exception {
        //允许表单认证
        oauthServer.allowFormAuthenticationForClients();
    }

}

3.2、资源服务器ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter

同上，需要实现自己的资源服务器，继承ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter，详细代码如下

@Configuration
@EnableResourceServer
public class ResourceServerConfiguration extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {
    private static final String DEMO_RESOURCE_ID = "order";
    @Override
    public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) {
        resources.resourceId(DEMO_RESOURCE_ID).stateless(true);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // @formatter:off
        http
                // Since we want the protected resources to be accessible in the UI as well we need
                // session creation to be allowed (it's disabled by default in 2.0.6)
                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.IF_REQUIRED)
                .and()
                .requestMatchers().anyRequest()
                .and()
                .anonymous()
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()
//                    .antMatchers("/product/**").access("#oauth2.hasScope('select') and hasRole('ROLE_USER')")
                .antMatchers("/order/**").authenticated();//配置order访问控制，必须认证过后才可以访问
        // @formatter:on
    }
}

3.3、配置SpringSecurity

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    @Override
    protected UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){
        InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
        String pwd = new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456");//对密码进行加密
        manager.createUser(User.withUsername("user_1").password(pwd).authorities("USER").build());
        manager.createUser(User.withUsername("user_2").password(pwd).authorities("USER").build());
        return manager;
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .requestMatchers().anyRequest()
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/oauth/*").permitAll();
    }
    @Bean
    @Override
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        AuthenticationManager manager = super.authenticationManagerBean();
        return manager;
    }

    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
}

4、测试

我们设计的是product服务可以匿名访问，而order服务需要签名才可以访问，验证如下:

• password模式
  利用postman进行post访问http://localhost:8080/oauth/token?username=user_1&password=123456&grant_type=password&scope=select&client_id=client_2&client_secret=123456
  获取如下结果
  

{
    "access_token": "c2340190-48f3-4291-bb17-1e4d51bcb284",
    "token_type": "bearer",
    "refresh_token": "03ee113c-a942-452a-9918-7ffe24472a7f",
    "expires_in": 40399,
    "scope": "select"
}

• client模式
  同样利用postman的POST方式访问http://localhost:8080/oauth/token?grant_type=client_credentials&scope=select&client_id=client_1&client_secret=123456
  结果如下
  

{
    "access_token": "05a4e614-f34b-4c83-9ec1-89ea55c0afd2",
    "token_type": "bearer",
    "expires_in": 40396,
    "scope": "select"
}

对资源进行访问

• product服务：访问http://localhost:8080/product/1得到如下数据
  product id : 1
• order服务:访问http://localhost:8080/order/1，返回数据如下

<oauth>
<error_description>
Full authentication is required to access this resource
</error_description>
<error>unauthorized</error>
</oauth>

验证结果，说明order服务需要签名才可以访问，接下来，我们输入签名访问order服务。我们分别利用上面password模式获取的token，访问 http://localhost:8080/order/1?access_token=c2340190-48f3-4291-bb17-1e4d51bcb284得到数据 order id : 1

通用利用client模式获取的token，访问 http://localhost:8080/order/1?access_token=05a4e614-f34b-4c83-9ec1-89ea55c0afd2同样可以得到 order id : 1

示例代码

分支为springsecurity-oauth2-1,master为最终代码

https://github.com/liangliang1259/fast-cloud-examples/tree/springsecurity-oauth2-1

参考

http://blog.didispace.com/spring-security-oauth2-xjf-1/