编译器中和64位编程有关的预定义宏

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 22:38:49 发布

liangbch

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 22:38:49 发布

阅读量2.8w

点赞数 14

分类专栏：编译器文章标签： c 64位宏 compiler 跨平台

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liangbch/article/details/36020391

版权

编译器专栏收录该内容

1 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

本文对分别测试VC，MinGW，GCC 三种编译器，32位和64位模式，共6种情况下，和64位编程有关的与预定义宏的值。对跨平台编程具有参考意义。

Agner Fog 在他的《Calling conventions for different C++ compilers and operating systems》提到一些预订宏。这里摘录如下。

注：下面的内容来自《Calling conventions for different C++ compilers and operating systems》,Last updated 2012-02-29，作者：By Agner Fog. Copenhagen University College .如何原文内容不符，以原文为准。

Most C++ compilers have a predefined macro containing the version number of the
compiler. Programmers can use preprocessing directives to check for the existence of these
macros in order to detect which compiler the program is compiled on and thereby fix
problems with incompatible compilers.

Table 23. Compiler version predefined macros

*Compiler*	*Predefined macro*
Borland	__BORLANDC__
Codeplay VectorC	__VECTORC__
Digital Mars	__DMC__
Gnu	__GNUC__
Intel	__INTEL_COMPILER
Microsoft	_MSC_VER
Pathscale	__PATHSCALE__
Symantec	__SYMANTECC__
Watcom	__WATCOMC__

Unfortunately, not all compilers have well-documented macros telling which hardware
platform and operating system they are compiling for. The following macros may or may not
be defined:

Table 24. Hardware platform predefined macros

*platform*	*Predefined macro*
*x86*	*_M_IX86*	*__INTEL__*	*__i386__*
*x86-64*	*_M_X64*	*__x86_64__*	*__amd64*
*IA64*	*__IA64__*
*DEC Alpha*	*__ALPHA__*
*Motorola Power PC*	*__POWERPC__*
*Any little endian*	*__LITTLE_ENDIAN__*
*Any big endian*	*__BIG_ENDIAN__*

Table 25. Operating system predefined macros

*Operating system*	*Predefined macro*
DOS 16 bit	__MSDOS__	_MSDOS
Windows 16 bit	_WIN16
Windows 32 bit	_WIN32	__WINDOWS__
Windows 64 bit	_WIN64	_WIN32
Linux 32 bit	__unix__	__linux__
Linux 64 bit	__unix__	__linux__	__LP64__	__amd64
BSD	__unix__	__BSD__	__FREEBSD__
Mac OS	__APPLE__	__DARWIN__	__MACH__
OS/2	__OS2__

下面的代码主要测试和64编程有关的宏

void test()
{
	int len=sizeof(int)*8;
	printf("sizeof(int)=%d\n",len);

	len=sizeof(int *)*8;
	printf("sizeof(int*)=%d\n",len);

#ifdef _MSC_VER
	printf("_MSC_VER is defined\n");
#endif

#ifdef __GNUC__
	printf("__GNUC__ is defined\n");
#endif

#ifdef __INTEL__ 
	printf("__INTEL__  is defined\n");
#endif

#ifdef __i386__ 
	printf("__i386__  is defined\n");
#endif

#ifdef __x86_64__ 
	printf("__x86_64__  is defined\n");
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32 
	printf("_WIN32 is defined\n");
#endif

#ifdef _WIN64 
	printf("_WIN64 is defined\n");
#endif


#ifdef __linux__ 
	printf("__linux__ is defined\n");
#endif

#ifdef __LP64__ 
	printf("__LP64__ is defined\n");
#endif


#ifdef __amd64 
	printf("__amd64 is defined\n");
#endif
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	test();
	return 0;
}

最后给出结果.

1. 在VC2010， 32位模式下编译，输出下面的信息
sizeof(int)=32
sizeof(int*)=32
_MSC_VER is defined
_WIN32 is defined

2. 在MinGW下编译输出下面的信息
sizeof(int)=32
sizeof(int*)=32
__GNUC__ is defined
__i386__ is defined
_WIN32 is defined

3. 在64位Fedora19, 使用gcc -m32 编译，输出下面的信息
sizeof(int)=32
sizeof(int*)=32
__GNUC__ is defined
__i386__ is defined
__linux__ is defined

4. 在VC2010， 64位模式下编译，输出下面的信息
sizeof(int)=32
sizeof(int*)=64
_MSC_VER is defined
_WIN32 is defined
_WIN64 is defined

5. 在MinGW64下编译输出下面的信息
sizeof(int)=32
sizeof(int*)=64
__GNUC__ is defined
__x86_64__ is defined
_WIN32 is defined
_WIN64 is defined
__amd64 is defined

6. 在64位Fedora19, 使用gcc -m64 编译，输出下面的信息
sizeof(int)=32
sizeof(int*)=64
__GNUC__ is defined
__x86_64__ is defined
__linux__ is defined
__LP64__ is defined
__amd64 is defined

注：在VC下直接用集成环境编译，在MinGW和Linux下直接使用 gcc来编译。