《编程珠玑》之变位词查找

朴素的方法就是将匹配词和字典里面的词都排序比较，相同则输出，代码如下：

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>

using namespace std;


int main(){
    char dic[5][10]={ "acd","adc","dac","abbb","asd" }; //字典
    char word[]={"adc"}; //变位词
    sort(word,word+3);
    for(int i=0; i<5; i++){
        char temp[10];
        strcpy(temp,dic[i]);
        sort(temp,temp+strlen(temp));
        if(strcmp(word,temp)==0){
             cout<<dic[i]<<endl;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

不过由于每次变换一个词都需要重新排一次序，采用变位词与标识捆绑的方法，将字典重新排序，后利用二分实现上下界的快速查找，这样就不必每次都要把字典遍历一遍了，同样是牺牲空间换取时间的方法,代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>

using namespace std;

int main(){
    string dic[10]={ "acd","adc","dac","abbb","asd","acde","edac","dace","deac","cad" };
    string word="adc";
    vector < pair<string,string> > vec;
    sort(word.begin(),word.end());
    for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
        string temp = dic[i];
        sort(temp.begin(),temp.end());
        vec.push_back(make_pair(temp,dic[i]));
    }
    vector < pair<string,string> >::iterator it;
    it = lower_bound(vec.begin(),vec.end(),make_pair(word,word));
    while(it->first==word){
         cout<<it->second<<endl;
         it++;
    }
    return 0;
}