过滤器与拦截器区别与使用

区别是 :
过滤器拦截的是 浏览器在请求前端页面时进行拦截 ,但是他不会拦截controller层
拦截器主要是springMVC对controller层的监控, 它主要拦截的是对controller请求前和请求后,以及前端页面的转发这三个步骤

过滤器写法:

web.xml文件里添加

 <!-- ==================过滤器 判断用户是否登录====================== -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>filter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.liang.filter.LoginFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>noLoginPaths</param-name>
            <param-value>login.jsp;userRegister.jsp;</param-value>
            <!-- ==============在此添加不需拦截的url============== -->
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>charset</param-name>
            <!-- ==========防止中文乱码====== -->
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>filter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- =======过滤器设置复编码========= -->

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <!-- =======响应体编码设置========= -->
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>


//LoginFilter类写法

package com.liang.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

/**
 * Servlet Filter implementation class LoginFilter
 */
@WebFilter("/LoginFilter")
public class LoginFilter implements Filter {
    private FilterConfig config;

    //执行顺序：最先初始化init(),然后dofilter函数    最后destory()
    public void destroy() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    }


    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        System.out.println("filter我启动了");
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();

        String login = (String) session.getAttribute("login");

        //已获取filterconfig对象，可以获取其中属性
        String noLoginPaths = config.getInitParameter("noLoginPaths");
        String charset = config.getInitParameter("charset");
        if (charset == null) {
            charset = "UTF-8";
        }
        request.setCharacterEncoding(charset);
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        if (noLoginPaths != null) {
            String[] strArray = noLoginPaths.split(";");  //对属性的值分割。分别放行
            for (int i = 0; i < strArray.length; i++) {
                if (strArray[i] == null || "".equals(strArray[i])) continue;
                if (req.getRequestURI().indexOf(strArray[i]) != -1) {
                    chain.doFilter(request, response);
                    return;
                }
            }
        }


        System.out.println("你还没有登录请先登录");
        if (login == null) {
            resp.sendRedirect("/jsp/login.jsp");
        } else {
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @see Filter#init(FilterConfig)
     */
    public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        config = fConfig;
    }

}

拦截器写法

<!--在springMVC.xml文件里添加-->

    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--
                /**的意思是所有文件夹及里面的子文件夹
                /*是所有文件夹，不含子文件夹
                /是web项目的根目录
              -->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <!-- 需排除拦截的地址 -->
              <!--<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/userLogin"/>-->
            <bean id="commonInterceptor"
                  class="com.liang.interceptor.CommonInterceptor">
            </bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        <!-- 当设置多个拦截器时，先按顺序调用preHandle方法，然后逆序调用每个拦截器的postHandle和afterCompletion方法  -->
    </mvc:interceptors>



/**
*CommonInterceptor类写法
*/


package com.liang.interceptor;


import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;

import java.io.IOException;

public class CommonInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

    public static final String LAST_PAGE = "lastPage";
    

    // 在业务处理器处理请求之前被调用   预处理
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
                             HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws ServletException, IOException {

        System.out.println("==============执行顺序: 1、preHandle================");
        return true;


    }


    /**
     * 在业务处理器处理请求执行完成后,生成视图之前执行的动作
     * 可在modelAndView中加入数据，比如当前时间
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
                           HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
                           ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==============执行顺序: 2、postHandle================");
        String username = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("user");
        System.out.println(username);
        if (username == null) {
            System.out.println("Interceptor：跳转到login页面！");
            response.sendRedirect("/login.jsp");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 在DispatcherServlet完全处理完请求后被调用,可用于清理资源等
     * 当有拦截器抛出异常时,会从当前拦截器往回执行所有的拦截器的afterCompletion()
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
                                HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==============执行顺序: 3、afterCompletion================");
    }
}