<?php
//1.
$str='dir/upload.image.jpg';
echo substr($str,strrpos($str,'.'));
echo "<br/>";
//2.
$t_arr=explode('.',$str);
echo $t_arr[count($t_arr)-1];
echo "<br/>";
//3.
preg_match('/.*?\.([^\.]*?)$/',$str,$matches);
echo $matches[1];
echo "<br/>";
//4.
$file=pathinfo($str);
echo $file['extension'];
echo "<br/>";
//5.
echo strrchr($str,'.');
?>