要分析join方法原理,最简单直接的方式就是查看Thread源码,其中join() 方法的注释写到:Waits for this thread to die.(就是一直等到线程结束)。
由此可知join()方法具备的功能有:
- 线程start()之后才起作用
- 线程结束才退出
- 阻塞调用的线程
为了能更深入理解,以下是源码片段:
/**
* Waits for this thread to die.
*
* <p> An invocation of this method behaves in exactly the same
* way as the invocation
*、
* @throws InterruptedException
*if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The
* interrupted status of the current thread is
* cleared when this exception is thrown.
*/
public final void join() throws InterruptedException {
join(0);
}
public final synchronized void join(long millis)
throws InterruptedException {
long base = System.currentTimeMillis();
long now = 0;
if (millis < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
}
if (millis == 0) {
while (isAlive()) { // 关键,线程运行状态会一直阻塞
wait(0);
}
} else {
while (isAlive()) {
long delay = millis - now;
if (delay <= 0) {
break;
}
wait(delay);
now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base;
}
}
}
从源码可以分析出
- join获取到了线程的锁;
- 通过wait()方法实现;
- 线程运行的时候(通过isAlive()方法判断),调用方就会一直阻塞住;
- 线程结束后会唤醒wait方法,并且isAlive()返回false,所以join()方法会结束退出;
如果要自己实现等价的功能可如下:
synchronized (t) { // t 为线程
while (t.isAlive())
t.wait();
}