linux多线程-哲学家就餐问题

有可能出现死锁现象
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>

int chop[5];
pthread_mutex_t  mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t cond_chop[5];

void *philosopher(void *p) 
{
    const int a = (int)p;   //const int a = *(int *)p;
    int i;
    printf("thread num = %d, p= %d",a,p);
    while(1)
    {   
        i = (a+1) % 5;
        printf("num is %d\n",i);
        usleep(rand % 10);
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        while(chop[a] == 1)
        {   
            pthread_cond_wait(&cond_chop[a],&mutex);
        }   
        chop[a] = 1;
        printf("Philosopher %c fetches chopstick %d\n",'A'+a,a);
        while(chop[i] == 1)
            pthread_cond_wait(&cond_chop[i], &mutex);
        chop[i] = 1;
        printf("Philosopher %c fetches chopstick %d\n",'A'+a,i);

        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        usleep(rand() % 10);
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        printf("Philosopher %c releases chopsticks %d %d\n",'A'+a,a,i);
        chop[a] = 0;
        pthread_cond_signal(&cond_chop[a]);
        chop[i] = 0;
        pthread_cond_signal(&cond_chop[i]);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
    
    }   
}

int main()
{
    int i;
    pthread_t pid[5];
    for(i=0; i<5;i++)
    {
        chop[i] = 0;
        pthread_cond_init(&cond_chop[i],NULL);
    }
    /*最开始写成这样会造成主线程和其他子线程不同步。因为把i的指针当做参数传递过去，循环最后i=5，有可能
philosopher函数中a还未复制，造成不同步。
    for(i=0; i<5;i++)
        pthread_create(&pid[0], NULL, philosopher, &i);
    */
    pthread_create(&pid[0], NULL ,philosopher, 0);
    pthread_create(&pid[1], NULL ,philosopher, 1);
    pthread_create(&pid[2], NULL ,philosopher, 2);
    pthread_create(&pid[3], NULL ,philosopher, 3);
    pthread_create(&pid[4], NULL ,philosopher, 4);
    pthread_join(pid[0], NULL);
    pthread_join(pid[1], NULL);
    pthread_join(pid[2], NULL);
    pthread_join(pid[3], NULL);
    pthread_join(pid[4], NULL);
    return 0;
 }