es核心知识篇学习之Elasticsearch 06 ---elasticsearch有六种搜索方式

 

elasticsearch有六种搜索方式：

1、query string search
2、query DSL
3、query filter
4、full-text search
5、phrase search
6、highlight search

 

 

1、query string search

 

搜索全部商品：GET /ecommerce/product/_search

 

took：耗费了几毫秒

timed_out：是否超时，这里是没有

_shards：数据拆成了5个分片，所以对于搜索请求，会打到所有的primary shard（或者是它的某个replica shard也可以）

hits.total：查询结果的数量，3个document

hits.max_score：score的含义，就是document对于一个search的相关度的匹配分数，越相关，就越匹配，分数也高

hits.hits：包含了匹配搜索的document的详细数据

 

 

{

  "took": 2,

  "timed_out": false,

  "_shards": {

    "total": 5,

    "successful": 5,

    "failed": 0

  },

  "hits": {

    "total": 3,

    "max_score": 1,

    "hits": [

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "2",

        "_score": 1,

        "_source": {

          "name": "jiajieshiyagao",

          "desc": "youxiaofangzhu",

          "price": 25,

          "producer": "jiajieshiproducer",

          "tags": [

            "fangzhu"

          ]

        }

      },

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "1",

        "_score": 1,

        "_source": {

          "name": "gaolujieyagao",

          "desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",

          "price": 30,

          "producer": "gaolujieproducer",

          "tags": [

            "meibai",

            "fangzhu"

          ]

        }

      },

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "3",

        "_score": 1,

        "_source": {

          "name": "zhonghuayagao",

          "desc": "caobenzhiwu",

          "price": 40,

          "producer": "zhonghuaproducer",

          "tags": [

            "qingxin"

          ]

        }

      }

    ]

  }

}

 

query string search的由来，因为search参数都是以http请求的query string来附带的

 

搜索商品名称中包含yagao的商品，而且按照售价降序排序：

GET/ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc

 

适用于临时的在命令行使用一些工具，比如curl，快速的发出请求，来检索想要的信息；但是在生产环境中，几乎很少使用query string search，因为他把所有的请求参数都弄在了query string 里如果查询请求很复杂，是很难去构建的

 

 

2、query DSL

 

DSL：Domain Specified Language，特定领域的语言

http request body：请求体，可以用json的格式来构建查询语法，比较方便，可以构建各种复杂的语法，比query string search肯定强大多了

 

查询所有的商品 

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

  "query": { "match_all":{} }

}

 

查询名称包含yagao的商品，同时按照价格降序排序

 

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

    "query" : {

        "match" : {

            "name" :"yagao"

        }

    },

    "sort": [

        { "price": "desc" }

    ]

}




 

分页查询商品，总共3条商品，假设每页就显示1条商品，现在显示第2页，所以就查出来第2个商品 

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

  "query": { "match_all":{} },

  "from": 1,

  "size": 1

}

 

指定要查询出来商品的名称和价格就可以

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

  "query": { "match_all":{} },

  "_source": ["name","price"]

}

 

更加适合生产环境的使用，可以构建复杂的查询

 

3、query filter

对数据进行过滤

搜索商品名称包含yagao，而且售价大于25元的商品

 

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

    "query" : {

        "bool" : {

            "must" : {

                "match" : {

                    "name" :"yagao"

                }

            },

            "filter" : {

                "range" : {

                    "price" : {"gt" : 25 }

                }

            }

        }

    }

}

 

注API:

  "bool"   --->   查询条件

 "must"    --->   必须匹配

 "filter"   --->     过滤

 "range"    --->  范围

“gt”     --->   ">"

“gte”     --->   ">="

“It”     --->   "<"

“Ite”     --->   "<="

 

 

 

4、full-text search（全文检索）

 

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

    "query" : {

        "match" : {

            "producer" : "yagaoproducer"

        }

    }

}

  

producer这个字段，会先被拆解，建立倒排索引 

special        4

yagao            4

producer        1,2,3,4

gaolujie        1

zhognhua        3

jiajieshi          2

 

yagaoproducer ---> yagao和producer

 

{

  "took": 4,

  "timed_out": false,

  "_shards": {

    "total": 5,

    "successful": 5,

    "failed": 0

  },

  "hits": {

    "total": 4,

    "max_score": 0.70293105,

    "hits": [

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "4",

        "_score":0.70293105,

        "_source": {

          "name": "specialyagao",

          "desc": "specialmeibai",

          "price": 50,

          "producer": "special yagaoproducer",

          "tags": [

            "meibai"

          ]

        }

      },

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "1",

        "_score":0.25811607,

        "_source": {

          "name": "gaolujieyagao",

          "desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",

          "price": 30,

          "producer": "gaolujieproducer",

          "tags": [

            "meibai",

            "fangzhu"

          ]

        }

      },

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "3",

        "_score":0.25811607,

        "_source": {

          "name": "zhonghuayagao",

          "desc": "caobenzhiwu",

          "price": 40,

          "producer": "zhonghuaproducer",

          "tags": [

            "qingxin"

          ]

        }

      },

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "2",

        "_score":0.1805489,

        "_source": {

          "name": "jiajieshiyagao",

          "desc": "youxiaofangzhu",

          "price": 25,

          "producer": "jiajieshi producer",

          "tags": [

            "fangzhu"

          ]

        }

      }

    ]

  }

}

 

5、phrase search（短语搜索）

 

跟全文检索相对应，相反，

全文检索会将输入的搜索串拆解开来，去倒排索引里面去一一匹配，只要能匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词，就可以作为结果返回

phrase search，要求输入的搜索串，必须在指定的字段文本中，完全包含一模一样的，才可以算匹配，才能作为结果返回

 

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

    "query" : {

        "match_phrase": {

            "producer" : "yagao producer"

        }

    }

}

 

{

  "took": 11,

  "timed_out": false,

  "_shards": {

    "total": 5,

    "successful": 5,

    "failed": 0

  },

  "hits": {

    "total": 1,

    "max_score": 0.70293105,

    "hits": [

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "4",

        "_score": 0.70293105,

        "_source": {

          "name": "specialyagao",

          "desc": "specialmeibai",

          "price": 50,

          "producer": "special yagao producer",

          "tags": [

            "meibai"

          ]

        }

      }

    ]

  }

}

  

6、highlight search（高亮搜索结果）

GET/ecommerce/product/_search

{

  "query": {

    "match_phrase": {

      "producer":"gaolujie"

    }

  },

  "highlight": {

    "fields": {

      "producer": {}

    }

 }

}

 

 

 

{

  "took": 61,

  "timed_out": false,

  "_shards": {

    "total": 5,

    "successful": 5,

    "failed": 0

  },

  "hits": {

    "total": 1,

    "max_score": 0.25811607,

    "hits": [

      {

        "_index":"ecommerce",

        "_type": "product",

        "_id": "1",

        "_score": 0.25811607,

        "_source": {

          "name":"lianxiaobaolianxiaobao aibili",

          "desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",

          "price": 30,

          "producer": "gaolujieproducer",

          "tags": [

            "meibai",

            "fangzhu"

          ]

        },

        "highlight": {

          "producer": [

            "<em>gaolujie</em>producer"

          ]

        }

      }

    ]

  }

}