IntentService源码分析

IntentService源码分析

1.简介

IntentService继承Service,同其他Service一样,如果start方式启动多次的话,生命周期执行顺序为:onCreate()->onStartCommand()->onStart()>onStartCommand()->onStart()->...onDestory()

IntentService适合用于异步任务,它运行于一个单独的线程中,在onHandleIntent()中处理异步任务

如果多次启动IntentService,那么异步任务会以队列的形式,串行执行

所有的IntentService任务执行完毕,会自动停掉Service

2.源码分析

首先创建IntentService,会调用onCreate()

@Override
public void onCreate() {
    // TODO: It would be nice to have an option to hold a partial wakelock
    // during processing, and to have a static startService(Context, Intent)
    // method that would launch the service & hand off a wakelock.

    super.onCreate();
    HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("IntentService[" + mName + "]");
    thread.start();

    mServiceLooper = thread.getLooper();
    mServiceHandler = new ServiceHandler(mServiceLooper);
}

HandlerThread继承Thread,可以知道是一个线程类,看HandlerThread的run方法

@Override
public void run() {
    mTid = Process.myTid();
    Looper.prepare();
    synchronized (this) {
        mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
        notifyAll();
    }
    Process.setThreadPriority(mPriority);
    onLooperPrepared();
    Looper.loop();
    mTid = -1;
}

主要创建了一个Looper,该Looper在子线程中,

public Looper getLooper() {
    if (!isAlive()) {
        return null;
    }
    
    // If the thread has been started, wait until the looper has been created.
    synchronized (this) {
        while (isAlive() && mLooper == null) {
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            }
        }
    }
    return mLooper;
}

看synchronized块,当线程处于运行状态,并且mLooper为null是,该线程会处于等待状态,如果run()中执行了notifyAll()则等待结束

mServiceLooper是一个子线程的Looper,所以IntentService可以处理子任务

start启动Service,会调用onStartCommand()

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
    onStart(intent, startId);
    return mRedelivery ? START_REDELIVER_INTENT : START_NOT_STICKY;
}

接着调用了onStart()

@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
    Message msg = mServiceHandler.obtainMessage();
    msg.arg1 = startId;
    msg.obj = intent;
    mServiceHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}

可以看出,任务都是发送给mServiceHandler处理

private volatile ServiceHandler mServiceHandler;
private final class ServiceHandler extends Handler {
    public ServiceHandler(Looper looper) {
        super(looper);
    }

    @Override
    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
        onHandleIntent((Intent)msg.obj);
        stopSelf(msg.arg1);
    }
}

这里就明白了了,为什么IntentService多次启动时,任务是串行执行的,因为是以Message的形式发送给ServiceHandler,Handler以队列的形式处理消息,然后调用onHandleIntent()处理任务,最后调用stopSelf(),当任务结束后调用stopSelf()

public final void stopSelf(int startId) {
    if (mActivityManager == null) {
        return;
    }
    try {
        mActivityManager.stopServiceToken(
                new ComponentName(this, mClassName), mToken, startId);
    } catch (RemoteException ex) {
    }
}
需要注意一点,stopSelf()会等到所有任务都执行完毕之后,才会停掉Service



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