Linux（CentOS7）离线安装mysql

1. 安装依赖库
   libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
   libao-1.1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm

   wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
   wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libao-1.1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm
   rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm 
   rpm -ivh libao-1.1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm
   

2. 下载mysql，并解压： 官网：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

   # 解压
   tar mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
   # 移动并改名
   mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
   

3. 添加用户和组，进入/usr/local目录下

   groupadd mysql
   useradd -r -g mysql mysql
   

4. 创建mysql的data目录

   mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data/
   

5. 新建my.cnf文件 路径为/etc/my.cnf

   vim /etc/my.cnf
   

   my.cnf文件内容如下：

   [client]
   port = 3306
   socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
   
   [mysqld]
   init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
   basedir=/usr/local/mysql
   datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
   max_connections=50
   character-set-server=utf8
   default-storage-engine=INNODB
   

6. 配置mysql环境变量

   # 修改权限
   chmod +x /usr/local/mysql/bin/*
   
   # 编辑配置文件
   vim /etc/profile
   # 配置环境变量
   export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
   export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/support-files
   # 使配置文件生效
   source /etc/profile
   

7. 初始化mysql

   mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   

8. 修改文件夹权限

   chown -R root:root /usr/local/mysql/
   chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/
   

9. 启动mysql

    mysql.server start
   

   

10. 修改密码

    mysql -uroot
    use mysql;
    update user set authentication_string=password('密码') where user='root';
    flush privileges;
    exit;
    

11. 设置外网访问

    update user set host='%' where user ='root';
    flush privileges;
    

12. centos7打开远程连接防火墙

    firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp
    service firewalld restart