格式:jQuery.getJSON( url [, data] [, success(data, textStatus, jqXHR)] ), 三个参数分别死请求地址, 要传递的参数, 回调函数
This is a shorthand Ajax function, which is equivalent to:
$.ajax({
url: url,
dataType: 'json',
data: data,
success: callback
});
The success
callback is passed the returned data, whichis typically a JavaScript object or array as defined by the JSON structure and parsed using the $.parseJSON()
method. It is also passed the text status of the response.
As of jQuery 1.5, the success
callback function receives a "jqXHR" object (in jQuery1.4, it received the XMLHttpRequest
object). However, since JSONP and cross-domain GET requests do not use XHR, in those cases the jqXHR
and textStatus
parameters passed to the success callback are undefined.
如果在服务器端没有指定返回数据的格式, 我们可以讲返回值使用$.parseJSON() 处理一下, 如果在服务器端已经处理, 那么在函数中可以直接使用。比如:
在服务器端的代码:
<%
response.setContentType("text/json");
out.println("[{\"name\":\"湖南省\",\"regionId\":134},{\"name\":\"北京市\",\"regionId\":143}]");
%>
注意:格式良好的JSON应该使用双引号讲字符串括起来。否则可能在解析的出错!
这时, 回调函数中可以直接使用:
$.getJSON("http://localhost:8080/jqueryTest2",
function(json){
alert(json[0].name);
alert(json[1].name);
});
如果在服务端没有这句:
response.setContentType("text/json");
那么在回调函数中要对返回的数据进行处理:
$.getJSON("http://localhost:8080/jqueryTest2",
function(json){
json=$.parseJSON(json);
alert(json[0].name);
alert(json[1].name);
});
$.parseJSON()方法可以将一个JSON格式的字符串解析为对象。
继续,
在jquery1.5中, 回调函数会接收XMLHttpRequest对象,
jsonp和跨域的get请求没有使用XMLHttpRequest对象(为什么?), 所以jQuery.getJSON( url [, data] [, success(data, textStatus, jqXHR)] )中的参数jqXHR
和 textStatus在回调函数中是undefined类型的。
Additional Notes:
- Due to browser security restrictions, most "Ajax" requests are subject to the same origin policy; the request can not successfully retrieve data from a different domain, subdomain, or protocol.
- Script and JSONP requests are not subject to the same origin policy restrictions.
JSONP
If the URL includes the string "callback=?" (or similar, as defined by the server-side API), the request is treated as JSONP instead. See the discussion of the jsonp
data type in $.ajax()
for more details.