【SQLServer】表的索引碎片查询和处理

1.查看索引的碎片率

SELECT object_name(ips.object_id) AS TableName, ips.index_id, name AS IndexName, 
avg_fragmentation_in_percent,db_name(ips.database_id) AS DatabaseName
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats
    (Db_id(DB_NAME())
        , NULL
        , NULL
        , NULL
        , NULL) AS ips
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS SI ON ips.object_id = SI.object_id AND ips.index_id = SI.index_id
WHERE ips.avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 5 AND SI.index_id <> 0

索引的碎片率低于5%或者，索引的页数少于1000，可以忽略；
索引碎片率在5%-30%之间的，建议reorganize；
索引碎片率大于30%的，建议rebuild。

2.reorganize索引

alter index [索引名] on [dbo].[表名] reorganize;

3.rebuild索引

alter index [索引名] on [dbo].[表名] rebuild;

4.rebuild表上所有的索引　　

alter index all on [dbo].[表名] rebuild;

5.rebuild数据库中所有的索引　　

USE [数据库名]

GO

DECLARE @NoOfPartitions BIGINT;

DECLARE @objectid INT;

DECLARE @indexid INT;

DECLARE @idxname NVARCHAR(255);

DECLARE @objname NVARCHAR(255);

DECLARE @partitionnum BIGINT;

DECLARE @schemaname NVARCHAR(255);

DECLARE @partitions BIGINT;

DECLARE @frag FLOAT;

DECLARE @statement VARCHAR(8000);

-- checking existance of the table that we create for temporary purpose


IF OBJECT_ID('defrag_work', 'U') IS NOT NULL

  DROP TABLE defrag_work;


-- Copy the fragmented indexes data into defrag_work table

-- All the indexes that has fragmentation < 5 are getting stored into our work table

SELECT  [object_id] AS objectid ,

        index_id AS indexid ,

        partition_number AS partition_no ,

        avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS frag

INTO    defrag_work

FROM    sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL, 'LIMITED')

WHERE   avg_fragmentation_in_percent >5.0 and index_id > 0;


-- cursor to process the list of partitions

DECLARE partitions CURSOR

FOR

    SELECT  *

    FROM    defrag_work;



-- Open the cursor.

OPEN partitions;



-- Looping through the partitions

FETCH NEXT

   FROM partitions

   INTO @objectid, @indexid, @partitionnum, @frag;



WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0

    BEGIN;

        SELECT  @objname= QUOTENAME(so.name) ,

                @schemaname = QUOTENAME(ss.name)

        FROM    sys.objects AS so

                JOIN sys.schemas AS ss ON ss.schema_id = so.schema_id

        WHERE   so.object_id = @objectid;

         



        SELECT  @idxname = QUOTENAME(name)

        FROM    sys.indexes

        WHERE   object_id = @objectid

                AND index_id = @indexid;

                 
        SELECT  @NoOfPartitions = COUNT(*)

        FROM    sys.partitions

        WHERE   object_id = @objectid

                AND index_id = @indexid;



/*

Let’s say N = fragmentation percentage



N <= 5 = IGNORE

5 < N < 30 = REORGANIZE

N > 30 = REBUILD



*/

                

        IF (@frag < 30.0) -- @frag > 5 is already filtered in our first query, so we need that condition here

            BEGIN;

                SELECT  @statement = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @idxname + ' ON '

                        + @schemaname + '.' + @objname + ' REORGANIZE';

                IF @NoOfPartitions > 1

                    SELECT  @statement = @statement + ' PARTITION='

                            + CONVERT (CHAR, @partitionnum);

                EXEC (@statement);

            END;



        IF @frag >= 30.0

            BEGIN;

                SELECT  @statement = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @idxname + ' ON '

                        + @schemaname + '.' + @objname + ' REBUILD';

                IF @NoOfPartitions > 1

                    SELECT  @statement = @statement + ' PARTITION='

                            + CONVERT (CHAR, @partitionnum);

                EXEC (@statement);

            END;

        PRINT 'Executed ' + @statement;



        FETCH NEXT FROM partitions INTO @objectid, @indexid, @partitionnum,

            @frag;

    END;

-- Close and deallocate the cursor.

CLOSE partitions;

DEALLOCATE partitions;



-- drop the table

IF OBJECT_ID('defrag_work', 'U') IS NOT NULL

  DROP TABLE defrag_work;