Spring Cloud Config配置中心

Environment环境加载

Environment就是指Spring应用运行的环境信息，例如从系统变量、命令行、配置文件application.yml等文件中的信息加载之后都会保存到Environment中。

Environment的初始化

org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication#run(java.lang.String...)

ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);

准备环境的过程中，主要就是创建和配置Spring容器的环境信息：

private ConfigurableEnvironment prepareEnvironment(SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners,
			ApplicationArguments applicationArguments) {
		// Create and configure the environment
        //按照应用的类型创建标准的环境
		ConfigurableEnvironment environment = getOrCreateEnvironment();
        //配置环境的PropertySource，设置profiles
		configureEnvironment(environment, applicationArguments.getSourceArgs());
		ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
        //事件驱动加载环境配置
		listeners.environmentPrepared(environment);
		bindToSpringApplication(environment);
		if (!this.isCustomEnvironment) {
			environment = new EnvironmentConverter(getClassLoader()).convertEnvironmentIfNecessary(environment,
					deduceEnvironmentClass());
		}
		ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
		return environment;
}

1. 创建一个标准的环境

private ConfigurableEnvironment getOrCreateEnvironment() {
		if (this.environment != null) {
			return this.environment;
		}
		switch (this.webApplicationType) {
		case SERVLET:
            //若是Servlet应用则创建Servlet环境
			return new StandardServletEnvironment();
		case REACTIVE:
            //若是reactive应用则创建Servlet环境
			return new StandardReactiveWebEnvironment();
		default:
            //否则创建标准环境
			return new StandardEnvironment();
		}
}

获取webApplicationType: org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType#deduceFromClasspath

static WebApplicationType deduceFromClasspath() {
        //org.springframework.web.reactive.DispatcherHandler类存在，
        //且org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet类不存在
        //且org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer类不存在,则为REACTIVE应用
		if (ClassUtils.isPresent(WEBFLUX_INDICATOR_CLASS, null) && !ClassUtils.isPresent(WEBMVC_INDICATOR_CLASS, null)
				&& !ClassUtils.isPresent(JERSEY_INDICATOR_CLASS, null)) {
			return WebApplicationType.REACTIVE;
		}
        //javax.servlet.Servlet类    
        //或org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebApplicationContext类不存在则为普通的应用
		for (String className : SERVLET_INDICATOR_CLASSES) {
			if (!ClassUtils.isPresent(className, null)) {
				return WebApplicationType.NONE;
			}
		}
        //否则为Servlet应用
		return WebApplicationType.SERVLET;
	}

这里以Servlet应用为例，看下环境的类结构图：

StandardServletEnvironment初始化

由于AbstractEnvironment类初始化调用了customizePropertySource方法，而customizePropertySource在StandardServletEnvironment和StandardEnvironment都有重写，所以会优先执行他们的方法：

org.springframework.web.context.support.StandardServletEnvironment#customizePropertySources

protected void customizePropertySources(MutablePropertySources propertySources) {
        //将Servlet的配置封装成一个标准的属性源添加到动态可变的属性源列表中
		propertySources.addLast(new StubPropertySource(SERVLET_CONFIG_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME));
        //将Servlet的上下文封装成一个标准的属性源添加到动态可变的属性源列表中
		propertySources.addLast(new StubPropertySource(SERVLET_CONTEXT_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME));
        //添加JNDI的属性源
		if (JndiLocatorDelegate.isDefaultJndiEnvironmentAvailable()) {
			propertySources.addLast(new JndiPropertySource(JNDI_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME));
		}
		super.customizePropertySources(propertySources);
}

org.springframework.core.env.StandardEnvironment#customizePropertySources

protected void customizePropertySources(MutablePropertySources propertySources) {
        将系统属性源System.getProperties()添加到动态可变的属性源列表中
		propertySources.addLast(
				new PropertiesPropertySource(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, getSystemProperties()));
        //将系统环境属性System.getenv()添加到动态可变的属性源列表中
		propertySources.addLast(
				new SystemEnvironmentPropertySource(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, getSystemEnvironment()));
	}

2.配置Environment和配置profiles

org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication#configureEnvironment

protected void configureEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment, String[] args) {
	//添加类型转化的服务	
    if (this.addConversionService) {
			ConversionService conversionService = ApplicationConversionService.getSharedInstance();
			environment.setConversionService((ConfigurableConversionService) conversionService);
		}
        //配置Environment中的propertysources
		configurePropertySources(environment, args);
        //配置profiles
		configureProfiles(environment, args);
	}

org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication#configurePropertySources

protected void configurePropertySources(ConfigurableEnvironment environment, String[] args) {
		MutablePropertySources sources = environment.getPropertySources();
        //若默认配置不为空，则将默认配置添加到MutablePropertySources，这个defaultProperties可以在SpringApplication中设置
		if (this.defaultProperties != null && !this.defaultProperties.isEmpty()) {
			sources.addLast(new MapPr