IDEA+Maven 搭建spring-Spring Mvc-MyBatis环境

最近想把之前学过的Maven、Spring、Spring Mvc、MyBatis框架的零散的东西整合一下。正好想要和同学一起开发一个有关校园info的微信小程序。借此机会，整合一下之前的知识，顺便学习下Restful Api的构建。

一、搭建项目

1、打开IDEA新建有个项目，选择maven-archetype-webapp

2、填写groupId和artifactId

groupId：项目组织唯一的标识符，实际对应JAVA的包的结构，是main目录里java的目录结构。
ArtifactID：项目的唯一的标识符，实际对应项目的名称，就是项目根目录的名称。

3、Maven home directory：填写本地Maven目录，建议更改IDE的默认设置为自己安装的Maven，其他值默认即可

4、之后IDE会自动生成一个标准的Maven Java Web项目，结构如图

5、File->Project Structure选择Model，配置文件夹的结构和属性，如图配置即可

二、配置文件

1、配置pom.xml文件，这个文件中主要配置<dependencies>标签

<!--使用junit4.12用以支持Spring-test-->
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

<!--补全项目依赖:
    1、日志 java日志:slf4j,log4j,logback,common-logging
    日志规范：slf4j
    日志实现：log4j,logback,common-logging
    使用：slf4j+logback-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--实现slf4j接口并整合-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.1</version>
    </dependency>

<!--2、数据库相关依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.35</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--DAO框架：Mybatis依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Mybatis自身实现与Spring整合依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.0</version>
    </dependency>

<!--3、Servlet web 相关依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

<!--4、Spring依赖-->
    <!--1) Spring核心依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--2)Spring DAO层依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--3）Spring Web相关依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--4)Spring Test 相关依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

2、配置：spring-dao.xml

resources/spring/spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--配置整合mybatis过程-->
    <!--1、从配置文件读取相关数据库参数-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <!--2、数据库连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--配置连接池属性-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
        <!--c3p0连接池私有属性-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!--关闭连接不自动commit-->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!--获取连接超时时间-->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="1000"/>
        <!--当获取失败重连次数-->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>
    <!--约定大于配置-->
    <!--3、Mybatis sqlsession配置-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--注入数据库连接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--配置Mybatis 全局配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <!--Mybatis mapper-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
        <!--别名-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.neuq.info.entity;com.neuq.info.dto"/>
    </bean>
    <!--4、配置扫描Dao接口 动态实现DAO接口，注入到Spring容器-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--防止提前初始化sqlsessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--给出需要扫描的包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.neuq.info.dao"/>
    </bean>
    </beans>

3、jdbc.properties 数据库连接属性配置

resources/jdbc.properties

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/neuq_info?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
username=root
password=root

4、配置：spring-service.xml

resources/spring/spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--扫描service包所有使用注解的类型-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.neuq.info.service"/>
    <!--配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--属性注入-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--配置基于注解的声明式事务
        默认使用注解来管理事务行为-->

    </bean>
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    </beans>

5、mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--配置全局属性-->
    <settings>
        <!--使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys 获取数据库自增主键-->
        <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true"/>
        <!--使用列别名替换列名
        select name as title from table
        -->
        <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true"/>
        <!--开启驼峰命名转换-->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

6、配置：spring-web.xml

resources/spring/spring-web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1、开启spring mvc注解模式-->
    <!--简化配置
        1）自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping ,AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
        2)提供一系列：数据绑定 数字和日期的formate @NumberFormate ,@DateTimeFormate
        xml json 默认读写支持
        -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!--servlet-mapping  映射路径是 /
    1、加入对静态资源处理
    2、允许用"/" 做映射
    -->
   <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
<!--4、扫描web相关的bean-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.seckill.web"/>
    </beans>

7、配置web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1"
         metadata-complete="true">

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  </web-app>

7、logback.xml最简单的logback配置，复杂配置可以从官方文档获取

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="true">
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <!-- encoders are by default assigned the type ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder -->
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root level="debug">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
    </root>
</configuration>

三、完整项目结构图如下