###### LeetCode 之 Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree

Given a binary search tree (BST), find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the BST.

According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes v and w as the lowest node in T that has both v and w as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”

        _______6______
/              \
___2__          ___8__
/      \        /      \
0      _4       7       9
/  \
3   5


For example, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of nodes 2 and 8 is 6. Another example is LCA of nodes 2 and 4 is 2, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.

class Solution {
public:
TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
if(root==NULL)
return NULL;
if(root==p||root==q){
return root;
}
TreeNode* left=lowestCommonAncestor(root->left,p,q);
TreeNode* right=lowestCommonAncestor(root->right,p,q);
if(left==NULL&&right==NULL)
return NULL;
else if(left!=NULL&&right!=NULL)
return root;
else
return left?left:right;
}
};

1>为空，返回空;

2>为p,q中的某一个，说明A节点肯定在LCA到p和q的两条路径中的某一个，返回A;

3>对A的左右孩子递归使用函数，得到left和right，此时又分三种情况;

3.1>left和right都为空，说明A肯定不再LCA到p和q的路径上，返回空；

3.2>left和right都不为空，说明A是p,q的lowest common ancestor ,返回A；

3.3>left和right中一个为空，一个不为空。返回不为空的节点，因为不为空说明该节点肯定在LCA到p和q的路径上。

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LeetCode 之 Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree