webservice
webservice
Web Service(WEB服务)能够快捷和方便地综合并结合各种系统、商务和任何应用平台。新出现的 Web Services 标准: SOAP、WSDL 和 UDDI 能够使任何系统和系统之间的应用变为更加方便和廉价。
Web服务(Web Services)和Service—Oriented Architecture作为实现分布式系统和履行公司内部、公司之间的应用整合的技术和架构出现。SOA和Web服务的体系结构是两个不同层面的问题,前者是概念模式,面向商业应用;后者则是实现模式,面向技术框架。
面向服务的体系结构所表示的是一个概念上的模型,在这个模型中,松散耦合的应用在网络上被描述、发布和调用。而Web服务则是一组由协议构成的协议栈所定义的框架结构,它定义了在不同的系统之间通信松散耦合的编程框架。也可以认为,Web服务体系结构实际上是面向服务的体系结构的一个特定实现;面向服务的体系结构作为一个概念上的模型,将网络、传输协议以及安全等具体的细节都遗留给特定的实现。Web服务中的SOAP,WSDL等都是具体实现细节的标准。
1、发送xml数据给服务器 ,并非以请求参数方式发送:
http://192.168.1.10:8080/video/manage.do?xml=<xml>....</xml>
服务器端代码:VideoManageAction.java
public ActionForward getXML(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
InputStream inStream = request.getInputStream();
byte[] data = StreamTool.readInputStream(inStream);
String xml = new String(data, "UTF-8");
System.out.println(xml);
return mapping.findForward("result");
}
J2SE编写客户端向web服务器发生xml数据
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String path="http://192.168.1.100:8080/videoweb/video/manage.do?method=getXML";
String xml="<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><persons><person id=\"23\"><name>中国</name><age>30</age></person></persons>";
byte[] data = xml.getBytes("UTF-8");//得到了xml的实体数据
URL url = new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
String.valueOf(data.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(data);
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
System.out.println(conn.getResponseCode());
}
2、发送SOAP数据给服务器调用webservice,实现手机号归属地查询
访问网址www.webxml.com.cn ,浏览各种web service,打开手机号码归属地查询并进行解释。
实验步骤:
创建android工程MobileBelong,设置网络访问权限。
资源
<string name="hello">Hello World, MainActivity!</string>
<string name="app_name">手机号归属地查询</string>
<string name="mobile">手机号</string>
<string name="button">查询</string>
<string name="error">网络连接失败</string>
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/mobile" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/mobile"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="13472283596" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/button" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/result"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
在src目录下创建mobilesoap.xml,并将网址文档中提供的代码复制其中,如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
<soap12:Body>
<getMobileCodeInfo xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
<mobileCode>$mobile</mobileCode>
<userID></userID>
</getMobileCodeInfo>
</soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>
业务类:MobileService
注意访问目标地址是:
http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx
可以有协议中得到。
package cn.class3g.service;
…
public class MobileService {
public static String getMobileAddress(String mobile) throws Exception {
InputStream inStream = MobileService.class.getClassLoader()
.getResourceAsStream("mobilesoap.xml");
byte[] data = StreamTool.readInputStream(inStream);
String xml = new String(data);
String soap = xml.replaceAll("\\$mobile", mobile);
/**
* 正则表达式$为特殊正则中的特殊符号须转义,即\$mobile
* 而\为字符串中的特殊符号,所以用两个反斜杠,即"\\{1}quot;
*/
String path = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx";
data = soap.getBytes();// 得到了xml的实体数据
URL url = new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(data);
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
InputStream responseStream = conn.getInputStream();
return parseXML(responseStream);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 解析返回xml数据
*
* @param responseStream
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private static String parseXML(InputStream responseStream) throws Exception {
XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
parser.setInput(responseStream, "UTF-8");
int event = parser.getEventType();
while (event != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
switch (event) {
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
if ("getMobileCodeInfoResult".equals(parser.getName())) {
return parser.nextText();
}
break;
}
event = parser.next();
}
return null;
}
}
工具类StreamTool
package cn.class3g.utils;
…
public class StreamTool {
/**
* 从输入流读取数据
* @param inStream
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
outSteam.close();
inStream.close();
return outSteam.toByteArray();
}
}
Activity类MobileBelongActivity
package cn.class3g.mobile;
…
public class MobileBelongActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private EditText mobileText;
private TextView resultView;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mobileText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.mobile);
resultView = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.result);
Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String mobile = mobileText.getText().toString();
try {
String address = MobileService.getMobileAddress(mobile);
resultView.setText(address);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
Toast.makeText(MobileBelongActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();
}
}
});
}
}
启动服务器,运行客户端进行测试