枚举类enum

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-06 20:16:20 发布

lihuohuo1997

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-06 20:16:20 发布

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文章标签： java enum

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lihuohuo1997/article/details/115312756

版权

本文通过两个示例介绍了如何在Java中使用枚举类（Season和Season1）来定义一组常量，强调了枚举在表示固定数量和名称的常量时的适用性。枚举类提供了对象属性、构造器、方法以及toString()和valueOf()等方法。此外，还展示了枚举类如何实现接口，以及其默认继承自java.lang.Enum的特点，同时演示了枚举的values()和valueOf()方法的使用。

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类的对象只有有限个，且是确定的
当定义一组常量时，建议使用枚举类

public class SeasomTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season spring = Season.SPRING;
        System.out.println(spring);
    }}
//自定义枚举类
class Season{
    //1.声明Season对象的属性:private final来修饰
    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;

    //2.私有化类的构造器,并给对象属性赋值
        private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
            this.seasonName=seasonName;
            this.seasonDesc=seasonDesc;
        }
    //3.提供当前枚举类的多个对象：public static final
    public static final Season SPRING=new Season("春天","春暖花开");
    public static final Season SUNNER=new Season("夏天","夏日炎炎");
    public static final Season AUTNMN=new Season("秋天","硕果累累");
    public static final Season WINTER=new Season("冬天","白雪皑皑");
    
    //4.其他诉求1：获取枚举类对象的属性
    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }

    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }
    
    //4.其他诉求2：toString的方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
                ", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
******************************************************************************************
public class SeasonTest1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season1 sunner = Season1.SUNNER;
        Season1 autnmn = Season1.AUTNMN;
        Season1 winter = Season1.WINTER;
        //toString()
        System.out.println(sunner.toString());//SUNNER
        System.out.println(Season1.class.getSuperclass());// java.lang.Enum
        System.out.println("*********************");

        //values():
        Season1[ ] values = Season1.values();
        for(int i=0;i<values.length;i++){
            System.out.println(values[i]);
        }

        //valueOf(String objName):返回枚举类中对象是ObjName的对象
        //如果没有objName的枚举类对象，则抛异常：IllegalArgumentException
        Season1 spring = Season1.valueOf("SPRING");
        System.out.println(spring);//SPRING

//        Season1 spring1 = Season1.valueOf("SPRING1");
//        System.out.println(spring1);//IllegalArgumentException：No enum constant com.aigugui325.Season1.SPRING1

        spring.show();
        sunner.show();
        autnmn.show();
        winter.show();

    }
}

interface Info{
    void show();
}
//使用enum枚举类
//说明：定义的枚举类默认继承于java.lang.Enum
enum  Season1 implements Info{
    //1.提供当前枚举类的多个对象,多个对象间用逗号 最后用封号
    SPRING("春天","春暖花开"){
        @Override
        public void show() {
            System.out.println("这是春天");
        }
    },
    SUNNER("夏天","夏日炎炎"){
        @Override
        public void show() {
            System.out.println("这是夏天");
        }
    },
    AUTNMN("秋天","硕果累累"){ @Override
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("这是秋天");
    }},
    WINTER("冬天","白雪皑皑"){ @Override
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("这是冬天");
    }};

    //2.声明Season对象的属性:private final来修饰
    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;

    //3.私有化类的构造器,并给对象属性赋值
    private Season1(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
        this.seasonName=seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc=seasonDesc;
    }

    //4.其他诉求1：获取枚举类对象的属性
    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }

    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }

//    //4.其他诉求2：toString的方法
//    @Override
//    public String toString() {
//        return "Season{" +
//                "seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
//                ", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
//                '}';
//    }

//    @Override
//    public void show() {
//        System.out.println("这是一个季节");
//    }
}