Linux操作系统中ps命令常见用法

本文主要介绍Linux操作系统中ps命令的常见用法。

1 概述

引用Mannual中关于ps的描述：

ps - report a snapshot of the current processes.

2 常见用法

2.1 常用选项

-e: Select all processes. Identical to -A.

-f: does full-format listing. This option can be combined with many other UNIX-style options to add additional columns. It also causes the command arguments to be printed. When used with -L, the NLWP (number of threads) and LWP (thread ID) columns will be added. See the c option, the format keyword args, and the format keyword comm.

2.2 关键字及描述

p  --  pid  --  process ID
P  --  ppid  --  parent process ID

注意：在Linux操作系统中，使用ps打印进程及线程信息时，实际上PID表示线程信息，而PPID表示该线程所属的进程信息。如下：

Suse-116:~ # ps -efL |head -1;ps -efL|grep agency_server
UID        PID  PPID   LWP  C NLWP STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root      2078 14610  2078  0    1 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 agency_server 63 0 8011 /usr/local/middle/log/agency_server/agency_server 10000000 20
root      2079 14610  2079  0    1 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 agency_server 63 1 8011 /usr/local/middle/log/agency_server/agency_server 10000000 20
root     32581 25137 32581  0    1 09:53 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color agency_server
Suse-116:~ # 

从上述打印结果可知，线程LWP（lighter weight process，轻量级进程）与PID一致，验证了上述说法。

2.3 打印标题信息

用法样式如下：

ps -ef|head -1;ps -ef|grep 进程名

用法示例如下：

Suse-116:~ # ps -ef|head -1;ps -ef|grep agency_server
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root      2078 14610  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 agency_server 63 0 8011 /usr/local/middle/log/agency_server/agency_server 10000000 20
root      2079 14610  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 agency_server 63 1 8011 /usr/local/middle/log/agency_server/agency_server 10000000 20
root     29203 29029  0 09:26 pts/3    00:00:00 grep --color agency_server
Suse-116:~ #