Linux操作系统中df和du命令的常见用法

本文主要介绍Linux操作系统中df和du命令的常见用法。

1 df命令

1.1 概述

引用Manual中对于df命令的介绍，内容如下：

report file system disk space usage.

df displays the amount of disk space available on the file system containing each file name argument. If no file name is given, the space available on all currently mounted file systems is shown. Disk space is shown in 1K blocks by default, unless the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, in which case 512-byte blocks are used.

Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides, or all file systems by default.

1.2 常见用法

1.2.1 查看当前已挂载的磁盘空间使用情况

[root@accapp ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G   50G   20K 100% /
devtmpfs                 3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G  392M  3.5G  10% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-usr    16G   11G  5.4G  67% /usr
/dev/sda1                197M  110M   88M  56% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-tmp    50G   36M   50G   1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/centos-data  368G   31G  337G   9% /data
tmpfs                    783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0
[root@accapp ~]# 

2 du命令

2.1 概述

引用Manual中对于du命令的介绍，内容如下：

estimate file space usage.

Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

简单总结，du命令用于评估文件的磁盘空间使用情况（大小），主要用于计算每个文件占用的磁盘空间大小，也可用于递归计算每层目录所占用的磁盘空间大小。

2.2 常见用法

2.2.1 查看当前目录下所有文件夹的空间占用情况

-s(--summarize)选项的作用：display only a total for each argument.

[root@accapp /]# du -sh *
0	bin
99M	boot
31G	data
0	dev
4.0K	devnull
0	docker-hub
35M	etc
39G	home
0	lib
0	lib64
0	media
0	mnt
379M	opt
du: cannot access ‘proc/11858/task/11858/fd/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘proc/11858/task/11858/fdinfo/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘proc/11858/fd/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘proc/11858/fdinfo/4’: No such file or directory
0	proc
3.9G	root
392M	run
0	sbin
0	srv
0	sys
68K	tmp
4.0K	tmp_sha1
11G	usr
7.6G	var
[root@accapp /]#