Laravel5 Eloquent ORM 查询

Subject.php

<?php
namespace App\Models;

/**
 * 题目表
 *
 * Class Subject
 * @package App\Models
 */
class Subject extends BaseModel {

    /**
     * 数据表
     *
     */
    protected $table = 'subjects';

    /**
     * 主键
     *
     */
    protected $primaryKey = 'subject_id';

    /**
     * 关联科目类型
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function subjectClass() {
        return $this->belongsTo('App\Models\SubjectClass', 'class_id', 'class_id');
    }
}

TestController.php

public function testOne()
{
    // 特别注意 class_id，class_id 是关联字段
    $data = Subject::where('subject_id', 1)->with(['subjectClass' => function($query) {
        $query->select('class_id','class_name');
    }])->select('class_id','subject_id')->first();
}

public function testTwo()
{
    $args = ['class_id','class_name'];
    $mainArgs = ['class_id', 'subject_id', 'created_at'];

    $data = Subject::where('subject_id', 1)->with(['subjectClass' => function($query) use ($args, $mainArgs) {
    $query->select($args);
    }])->select($mainArgs)->first();
}

public function testThree()
{
    $data = Subject::where('subject_id', 1)->with('subjectClass')->first();
}

public function testFour($created_at)
{
    // whereHas 和 orWhereHas 允许添加自定义条件约束到关联关系条件约束，只显示 subjects 表数据
    $data = Subject::where('subject_id', 1)->whereHas('subjectClass', function ($query) use ($created_at) {
        $query->where('created_at', $created_at);
    })->first();
}

public function testFive()
{
    // 输出 SubjectClass 对象信息
    $data = Subject::find(1)->subjectClass()->first();
    dd($data);
}

public function testSix()
{
    // 输出 SubjectClass 对象信息
    $data = Subject::find(1)->subjectClass;
    dd($data);
}

PS：with 方法可以进行简化，在 Model 基类中定义一个范围查询

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class BaseModel extends Model{
    // 注意 scopeWithOnly
    public function scopeWithOnly($query, $relation, Array $columns)
    {
        return $query->with([$relation => function ($query) use ($columns){
            // 这里根据具体业务进行调整，有些表可能不含有 id 字段
            $query->select(array_merge(['class_id'], $columns));
        }]);
    }
}

$data = Subject::where('id', '>', '10')->withOnly('subjectClass', ['class_name'])->get();