[李景山php] php常见面试题

Php
冒泡排序法
$arr = array('22','2','4','355','1','123','33','55','66','3');
    $count = count($arr);
    for($i=0;$i<$count;$i++){
        for($j=0;$j<$count-1;$j++){
            if($arr[$j] > $arr[$j+1]){
                $temp = $arr[$j+1];
                $arr[$j+1] = $arr[$j];
                $arr[$j] = $temp;
            }
        }
    }
    var_dump($arr);

快速排序法
$arr = array('312','322','645','321','22','3','4442');
    $arr = quickArr($arr);
    var_dump($arr);
    function quickArr($arr=null){
        $count = count($arr);
        if($count <= 1) return $arr;
        $key = $arr['0'];
        $arr_left = array();
        $arr_right = array();
        for($i = 1;$i < $count;$i++){
            if($arr[$i] <= $key)
                $arr_left[] = $arr[$i];
            else
                $arr_right[] = $arr[$i];
        }
        $arr_left = quickArr($arr_left);
        $arr_right = quickArr($arr_right);

        return array_merge($arr_left,array($key),$arr_right);
    }
复杂单表SQL
数据库test有一张user表,字段为id(序号),name(姓名),class(班级),score(分数),
1)写一句SQL,查出全部学生的分数,按降序排序
Select * from user order by score DESC
2)写一句SQL查出每个班的及格人数和不及格人数,格式为:班级 及格人数 不及格人数
select A.class,A.及格人数,B不及格人数 from (select class,clount(*) as 及格人数 from user where score>=60 group by class) as A,(select class,count(*) as 不及格人数 from user where score<60 group by class) as B where A.class=B.class.







select A.class,A.及格,B.不及格 from (select class,count(*) as 及格人数 from user where score >= 60 group by class) as A,(select class,count(*) as 不及格人数 from user where score < 60 group by class) as B where A.class=B.class


select A.class,A.及格人数,B.不及格人数 from (select class,count(*) as 及格人数 from user where score >=60 group by class) as A,(select class,count(*) as 不及格人数 from user where score<60 group by class ) as B where A.class=B.class.
3)用PHP执行第二小题的SQL,要求判断错误,显示结果,关闭数据库
try{
        $dbid = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test','root','098098');
        $dbid -> query('SET NAMES UTF8');
    }catch(PDOException $e){
        die($e->getmessage());
    }
    $stmt = $dbid -> query('select A.class,A.及格,B.不及格 from (select class,count(*) as 及格 from user where score >= 60 group by class) as A,(select class,count(*) as 不及格 from user where score < 60 group by class) as B where A.class=B.class');
    if(!$stmt)
        die('数据库错误');
    $result = $stmt -> FETCHALL(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    if($result){
        foreach($result as $val){
            echo '班级:'.$val['class'].'及格人数'.$val['及格'].'不及格人数'.$val['不及格'].'<br />';
        }
    }else{
        die('执行失败');
    }
    //PDO不需要关闭数据库 非要关可以这样
    $dbid = null;

请用正则表达式写一个验证邮箱的PHP程序
$mail = '2-3_2@vip.qq.com';
    $pattern = '#^([0-9A-Za-z-_]+@([0-9A-Za-z-\.]+\.([A-Za-z]){2,3}))$#';
    $result = preg_match($pattern,$mail);
    if($result)
        echo '匹配成功';
    else
        echo '匹配失败';
以空格作为分隔将字符串 ‘aaa sss ccc eee ww ssq acc’拆分为数组并按字母升序排序,要求所有元素均为小写
$str = 'asd adsds dwew vbfgf reere';
    var_dump(arr2sort($str));

    function arr2sort($str){
        if(empty($str)) return false;
        $arr = explode(' ',strtolower($str));
        if(count($arr) > 1){
            sort($arr);
            return $arr;
        }
        return $arr;
    }

正则匹配一段str只允许大于0的数字和英文逗号,不符合的输入有提示信息
$str = '12033,243,2';
    $pattern = '#^([1-9,])+#';
    if(preg_match($pattern,$str))
        echo '输入正确';
    else
        echo '输入错误';

将一个数组保存为文件再从文件中读出这个数组

$arr = array('123','sdasd','ewqewq','rewrefv','rwervv','rewrwer');

    $arr = file2arr('haha.xxx');
    var_dump($arr);
    function arr2file($arr){
        if(is_array($arr)){
            $arr = implode(' ',$arr);
        }
        return file_put_contents('haha.xxx',$arr);
    }

    function file2arr($fileName){
        if(!file_exists($fileName)) return false;
        $str = file_get_contents($fileName);
        return explode(' ',$str);
    }
$result  = arr2file($arr);
    if($result)
        echo '写入成功';
    else
        echo '写入失败';


算出两个文件的相对路径
$a = 'http://www.abc.com/1/2/3/4/5.php';
    $b = 'http://www.abc.com/1/2/a/c/vv.php';

    $a = parse_url($a);
    $b = parse_url($b);

    $aPath = ltrim($a['path'],'/');
    $bPath = ltrim($b['path'],'/');

    $aArr = explode('/',$aPath);
    $bArr = explode('/',$bPath);

    //清除掉两个URL一样的目录 比如/1/2
    $countA = count($aArr);
    for($i = 0; $i<$countA;$i++){
        if($aArr[$i] == $bArr[$i]){
            unset($aArr[$i]);
            unset($bArr[$i]);
        }else{
            break;
        }
    }
    //把URL a剩下的目录换成 .. 然后拼接B
    $countA = count($aArr);
    for($i = 0;$i<$countA;$i++)
        $url[] = '..';
    $newURL = rtrim(implode('/',$url),'/').'/'.implode('/',$bArr);
    echo $newURL;

写一个函数能够遍历一个文件夹中所有文件和子文件夹
function showDIR($name){
        if(!is_dir($name)) die('这不是一个目录!');
        $handle = opendir($name);
        while($n = readdir($handle)){
            if($n == '.' || $n == '..') continue;
            $fileName = $name.'/'.$n;
            if(is_dir($fileName))
                showDIR($fileName);
            else
                echo $fileName.'<br />';
        }
    }

提取出一段URL的文件后缀
$url = 'http://www.abc.com/index.JSP?hh=haha&ye=heihei';

    $arr = parse_url($url);
    $path = explode('.',$arr['path']);
    echo array_pop($path);

求日期的差数
$date1 = '2012-2-10';
    $date2 = '2012-12-21';

    $time1 = strtotime($date1);
    $time2 = strtotime($date2);

    echo abs($time1-$time2)/(60*60*24);

找出一个数组最大值
$arr = array('11111','22222222','333333333','4444444444444','555555555','4324');
    //不让用排序函数就用冒泡或快速排序
    rsort($arr);
    echo $arr['0'];

    echo max(array('11111','22222222','333333333','4444444444444','555555555','4324'));

读取出<haha></haha>里面的内容,并将<haha>和</haha>替换为<b></b>
$str = '<a href="#">adsdasdasd</a><haha>1232rrrrr1312</haha><i>1213213<haha>哦耶</haha>dasdsa</i>';
//取出匹配到的数据
    $pattern = '#<haha>(.*?)</haha>#s';
    preg_match_all($pattern,$str,$arr);
    echo '<pre>';
    var_dump($arr);
    echo '</pre>';
    //替换匹配到的数据
    $pattern2 = '#<(\/)?(haha)>#';
    $re = '<${1}b>';
    $arr2 = preg_replace($pattern2,$re,$str);
    echo '<pre>';
    var_dump($arr2);
    echo '</pre>';

将字符串open_door转换成OpenDoor
$str = 'open_door';
    $arr = explode('_',$str);
    foreach($arr as $k => $v)
        $arr[$k] = ucfirst($v);
    echo implode('',$arr);

不乱码截取中文字符串
//允许使用mb_substr时
    $str = '一二三四五六七';
    echo mb_substr($str,3,1,'utf-8');
    //不允许使用mb_substr时
    function mysub($str,$start,$len='1',$charset='utf-8'){
        if($charset=='utf-8')
            $strlen = 3;
        else
            $strlen = 2;
        $len = $strlen*$len;//得到字符串长度
        $start = ($start-1)*$len;//得到截取起点
        return substr($str,$start,$len);
    }
    echo mysub($str,2,3)

得到访客IP地址,并判断是否属于192.168.90.100 – 192.168.90.150

$ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
$numIP = str_replace('.','',$ip);
if($numIP >= 19216890100 && $numIP <= 19216890150)
        echo '这个IP在范围内';
    echo '不在范围内';

关联查询asc
有一张表user其中有字段uid和name,另一张表txt里面有字段tid,uid,times,title,contents
要求查询出每个用户的名字以及他一共发表了多少篇文章
try{
        $dbid = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=haha','root','098098');
        $dbid -> query('SET NAMES UTF8');
    }catch(PDOException $e){
        die($e -> getMessage());
    }


    $stmt = $dbid->query('select A.name,B.postall from (select uid,name from user ) as A,(select uid,count(*) as postall from txt group by uid) as B where B.uid=A.uid');
    if($stmt){
        $result = $stmt -> FETCHALL(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
        echo '<pre>';
        var_dump($result);
        echo '</pre>';
    }
写个留言板

排除重复的数据行
Select distinct name from user
查一个字段的重复值
select name,count(*) as num from user group by name having count(*) > 1
查出一个表的结果 然后写入另一个表
insert into haha (name,num) select A.name,A.num from (select name,count(*) as num from user group by name having num > 1) as A
查出一个公司的名称,并通过id关联的cid统计出另一张表的职位个数
select A.name,B.num from (select id,name from comname) as A,(select cid,count(*) as num from job group by cid) as B where A.id=B.cid
将数据库的一个字段存的时间戳 转换为 日期
select A.name,A.num,A.times from (select name,num,from_unixtime(num) as times from haha) as A
根据时间戳查出这个月的纪录
select A.name,A.num,A.times from (select name,num,date_format(from_unixtime(num),\'%y-%m-%d\') as times from haha) as A where A.times=date_format(now(),\'%y-%m-%d\'