android中ListView的定位：使用setSelectionFromTop

如果一个ListView太长，有时我们希望ListView在从其他界面返回的时候能够恢复上次查看的位置，这就涉及到ListView的定位问题：

解决的办法如下：

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// 保存当前第一个可见的item的索引和偏移量 int index = mList.getFirstVisiblePosition(); View v = mList.getChildAt(0); int top = (v == null ) ? 0 : v.getTop(); // ... //根据上次保存的index和偏移量恢复上次的位置 mList.setSelectionFromTop(index, top);

这里使用了setSelectionFromTop来定位ListView。其实还可以使用setSelection也可以定位，只是setSelectionFromTop要比setSelection更精准。因为通过getFirstVisiblePosition得到的第一个item可能已经有一部分是不可见的了，如果用setSelection无法反映出这不可见的部分。

为了说明setSelectionFromTop的参数值的意义，以及与setSelection的区别，下面从源码上来分析：

看一下setSelectionFromTop()的具体实现，代码如下：

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/**    * Sets the selected <span id="4_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="4_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?rs=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Ejcodecraeer%2Ecom%2Fa%2Fanzhuokaifa%2Fandroidkaifa%2F2014%2F0924%2F1709%2Ehtml&p=baidu&c=news&n=10&t=tpclicked3_hc&q=01072140_cpr&k=item&k0=%B6%A8%CE%BB&kdi0=8&k1=%D4%B4%C2%EB&kdi1=8&k2=touch&kdi2=8&k3=%D5%FB%D0%CD&kdi3=8&k4=top&kdi4=8&k5=item&kdi5=8&sid=d58c89a715216433&ch=0&tu=u1921070&jk=40713c5299f4b88d&cf=29&rb=0&fv=11&stid=9&urlid=0&luki=6&seller_id=1&di=128" target="_blank" mpid="4" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">item</span></a></span> and positions the selection y pixels from the <span id="5_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="5_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?rs=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Ejcodecraeer%2Ecom%2Fa%2Fanzhuokaifa%2Fandroidkaifa%2F2014%2F0924%2F1709%2Ehtml&p=baidu&c=news&n=10&t=tpclicked3_hc&q=01072140_cpr&k=top&k0=%B6%A8%CE%BB&kdi0=8&k1=%D4%B4%C2%EB&kdi1=8&k2=touch&kdi2=8&k3=%D5%FB%D0%CD&kdi3=8&k4=top&kdi4=8&k5=item&kdi5=8&sid=d58c89a715216433&ch=0&tu=u1921070&jk=40713c5299f4b88d&cf=29&rb=0&fv=11&stid=9&urlid=0&luki=5&seller_id=1&di=128" target="_blank" mpid="5" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">top</span></a></span> edge    * of the ListView. (If in <span id="6_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="6_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?rs=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Ejcodecraeer%2Ecom%2Fa%2Fanzhuokaifa%2Fandroidkaifa%2F2014%2F0924%2F1709%2Ehtml&p=baidu&c=news&n=10&t=tpclicked3_hc&q=01072140_cpr&k=touch&k0=%B6%A8%CE%BB&kdi0=8&k1=%D4%B4%C2%EB&kdi1=8&k2=touch&kdi2=8&k3=%D5%FB%D0%CD&kdi3=8&k4=top&kdi4=8&k5=item&kdi5=8&sid=d58c89a715216433&ch=0&tu=u1921070&jk=40713c5299f4b88d&cf=29&rb=0&fv=11&stid=9&urlid=0&luki=3&seller_id=1&di=128" target="_blank" mpid="6" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">touch</span></a></span> mode, the item will not be selected but it will    * still be positioned appropriately.)    *    * @param position Index (starting at 0) of the data item to be selected.    * @param y The distance from the top edge of the ListView (plus padding) that the    *        item will be positioned.    */   public void setSelectionFromTop(int position, int y) {       if (mAdapter == null ) {           return ;       }       if (!isInTouchMode()) {           position = lookForSelectablePosition(position, true );           if (position >= 0) {               setNextSelectedPositionInt(position);           }       } else {           mResurrectToPosition = position;       }       if (position >= 0) {           mLayoutMode = LAYOUT_SPECIFIC;           mSpecificTop = mListPadding.<span id= "7_nwp" style= "width: auto; height: auto; float: none;" ><a id= "7_nwl" href= "http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?rs=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Ejcodecraeer%2Ecom%2Fa%2Fanzhuokaifa%2Fandroidkaifa%2F2014%2F0924%2F1709%2Ehtml&p=baidu&c=news&n=10&t=tpclicked3_hc&q=01072140_cpr&k=top&k0=%B6%A8%CE%BB&kdi0=8&k1=%D4%B4%C2%EB&kdi1=8&k2=touch&kdi2=8&k3=%D5%FB%D0%CD&kdi3=8&k4=top&kdi4=8&k5=item&kdi5=8&sid=d58c89a715216433&ch=0&tu=u1921070&jk=40713c5299f4b88d&cf=29&rb=0&fv=11&stid=9&urlid=0&luki=5&seller_id=1&di=128" target= "_blank" mpid= "7" style= "text-decoration: none;" ><span style= "color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;" >top</span></a></span> + y;           if (mNeedSync) {               mSyncPosition = position;               mSyncRowId = mAdapter.getItemId(position);           }           requestLayout();       }   }

从上面的代码可以得知，setSelectionFromTop()的作用是设置ListView选中的位置，同时在Y轴设置一个偏移量。

而setSelection()方法，传入一个index整型数值，就可以让ListView定位到指定Item的位置。

这两个方法有什么区别呢？看一下setSelection()的具体实现，代码如下：

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/**    * Sets the currently selected <span id="0_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="0_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?rs=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Ejcodecraeer%2Ecom%2Fa%2Fanzhuokaifa%2Fandroidkaifa%2F2014%2F0924%2F1709%2Ehtml&p=baidu&c=news&n=10&t=tpclicked3_hc&q=01072140_cpr&k=item&k0=%B6%A8%CE%BB&kdi0=8&k1=%D4%B4%C2%EB&kdi1=8&k2=touch&kdi2=8&k3=%D5%FB%D0%CD&kdi3=8&k4=top&kdi4=8&k5=item&kdi5=8&sid=d58c89a715216433&ch=0&tu=u1921070&jk=40713c5299f4b88d&cf=29&rb=0&fv=11&stid=9&urlid=0&luki=6&seller_id=1&di=128" target="_blank" mpid="0" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">item</span></a></span>. If in <span id="1_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><a id="1_nwl" href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?rs=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Ejcodecraeer%2Ecom%2Fa%2Fanzhuokaifa%2Fandroidkaifa%2F2014%2F0924%2F1709%2Ehtml&p=baidu&c=news&n=10&t=tpclicked3_hc&q=01072140_cpr&k=touch&k0=%B6%A8%CE%BB&kdi0=8&k1=%D4%B4%C2%EB&kdi1=8&k2=touch&kdi2=8&k3=%D5%FB%D0%CD&kdi3=8&k4=top&kdi4=8&k5=item&kdi5=8&sid=d58c89a715216433&ch=0&tu=u1921070&jk=40713c5299f4b88d&cf=29&rb=0&fv=11&stid=9&urlid=0&luki=3&seller_id=1&di=128" target="_blank" mpid="1" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">touch</span></a></span> mode, the item will not be selected    * but it will still be positioned appropriately. If the specified selection position    * is less than 0, then the item at position 0 will be selected.    *    * @param position Index (starting at 0) of the data item to be selected.    */   @Override   public void setSelection(int position) {       setSelectionFromTop(position, 0);   }

原来，setSelection()内部就是调用了setSelectionFromTop()，只不过是Y轴的偏移量是0而已。现在应该对setSelection()和setSelectionFromTop()有了更深刻的认识了。