docker---docker简介，docker的安装部署，镜像导入，容器运行，docker基本操作

一.docker容器简介

1.操作系统共享宿主机
2.几乎无性能损耗
3.轻量，灵活迁移
4.安全隔离
5.部署快速，秒级
6.运行密度大，单机支持上千容器

二.安装部署docker

1.下载以下安装包并开启容器

[root@server1 ~]# ls
containerd.io-1.2.13-3.2.el7.x86_64.rpm  docker-ce-19.03.12-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
container-selinux-2.77-1.el7.noarch.rpm  docker-ce-cli-19.03.12-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y * 
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl enable --now docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service 

2.编辑docker的配置文件，打开桥接网络接口

##查看容器的基本信息，发现有两个警告，需开启桥街网络接口
[root@server1 ~]# docker info
Client:
 Debug Mode: false

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 19.03.12
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
 Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.6 (Maipo)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 1.952GiB
 Name: server1
 ID: ZI4J:DXKW:2EOG:IZGR:SSRC:33BV:EW2W:NVEK:PF2I:446C:F5X6:R4SH
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled

[root@server1 ~]# cd /etc/sysctl.d
[root@server1 sysctl.d]# vim docker.conf
[root@server1 sysctl.d]# cat docker.conf 
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1

[root@server1 sysctl.d]# sysctl --system
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

三.导入镜像，并在此镜像上运行一个容器

[root@server1 ~]# docker load -i game2048.tar
011b303988d2: Loading layer   5.05MB/5.05MB
36e9226e74f8: Loading layer  51.46MB/51.46MB
192e9fad2abc: Loading layer  3.584kB/3.584kB
6d7504772167: Loading layer  4.608kB/4.608kB
88fca8ae768a: Loading layer  629.8kB/629.8kB
Loaded image: game2048:latest
[root@server1 ~]# docker run -d --name demo -p 80:80 game2048
950e8e49c288f172cb5614a4b235f10a8606903f72ec2592651a654e0a23a44f
[root@server1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                         NAMES
950e8e49c288        game2048            "/bin/sh -c 'sed -i …"   14 seconds ago      Up 13 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp   demo

四.docker基本操作

1.查找镜像

[root@server1 ~]# docker search nginx
[root@server1 ~]# docker search busybox

2.查看主机导入的所有镜像

[root@server1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
busybox             latest              edabd795951a        2 days ago          1.22MB
nginx               latest              4bb46517cac3        2 weeks ago         133MB
game2048            latest              19299002fdbe        3 years ago         55.5MB