IOS成长之路-DES+Base64 加密、解密

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-12 23:00:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-08-12 23:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： IOS

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/like7xiaoben/article/details/8184384

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本文介绍了iOS开发中DES和3DES加密技术，强调DES的快速特性适合大量数据处理，以及3DES的安全增强。同时提到了AES作为更高效、更安全的加密标准。文中给出了使用DES实现加密和解密的步骤，并提供了Base64编码的头文件和调用方法示例。

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DES是一种分组数据加密技术（先将数据分成固定长度的小数据块，之后进行加密），速度较快，适用于大量数据加密
3DES是一种基于DES的加密算法，使用3个不同密匙对同一个分组数据块进行3次加密，如此以使得密文强度更高。
相较于DES和3DES算法而言，AES算法有着更高的速度和资源使用效率，安全级别也较之更高了，被称为下一代加密标准。

用DES实现加密和解密的过程：（注释是我自己理解添加。不对的地方望指出）

.h文件中：

+ (NSString *)encryptWithText:(NSString *)sText;//加密
+ (NSString *)decryptWithText:(NSString *)sText;//解密

.m文件中（导包： #import "GTMBase64.h"（下面说） #import <CommonCrypto/CommonCryptor.h>）

+ (NSString *)encryptWithText:(NSString *)sText
{
    //kCCEncrypt 加密
    return [self encrypt:sText encryptOrDecrypt:kCCEncrypt key:@"des"];
}

+ (NSString *)decryptWithText:(NSString *)sText
{
    //kCCDecrypt 解密
    return [self encrypt:sText encryptOrDecrypt:kCCDecrypt key:@"des"];
}

+ (NSString *)encrypt:(NSString *)sText encryptOrDecrypt:(CCOperation)encryptOperation key:(NSString *)key
{
    const void *dataIn;
    size_t dataInLength;
    
    if (encryptOperation == kCCDecrypt)//传递过来的是decrypt 解码
    {
        //解码 base64
        NSData *decryptData = [GTMBase64 decodeData:[sText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];//转成utf-8并decode
        dataInLength = [decryptData length];
        dataIn = [decryptData bytes];
    }
    else  //encrypt
    {
        NSData* encryptData = [sText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        dataInLength = [encryptData length];
        dataIn = (const void *)[encryptData bytes];
    }
    
    /*
     DES加密 ：用CCCrypt函数加密一下，然后用base64编码下，传过去
     DES解密 ：把收到的数据根据base64，decode一下，然后再用CCCrypt函数解密，得到原本的数据
     */
    CCCryptorStatus ccStatus;
    uint8_t *dataOut = NULL; //可以理解位type/typedef 的缩写（有效的维护了代码，比如：一个人用int，一个人用long。最好用typedef来定义）
    size_t dataOutAvailable = 0; //size_t  是操作符sizeof返回的结果类型
    size_t dataOutMoved = 0;
    
    dataOutAvailable = (dataInLength + kCCBlockSizeDES) & ~(kCCBlockSizeDES - 1);
    dataOut = malloc( dataOutAvailable * sizeof(uint8_t));
    memset((void *)dataOut, 0x0, dataOutAvailable);//将已开辟内存空间buffer的首 1 个字节的值设为值 0
    
    NSString *initIv = @"12345678";
    const void *vkey = (const void *) [key UTF8String];
    const void *iv = (const void *) [initIv UTF8String];
    
    //CCCrypt函数 加密/解密
    ccStatus = CCCrypt(encryptOperation,//  加密/解密
                       kCCAlgorithmDES,//  加密根据哪个标准（des，3des，aes。。。。）
                       kCCOptionPKCS7Padding,//  选项分组密码算法(des:对每块分组加一次密  3DES：对每块分组加三个不同的密)
                       vkey,  //密钥    加密和解密的密钥必须一致
                       kCCKeySizeDES,//   DES 密钥的大小（kCCKeySizeDES=8）
                       iv, //  可选的初始矢量
                       dataIn, // 数据的存储单元
                       dataInLength,// 数据的大小
                       (void *)dataOut,// 用于返回数据
                       dataOutAvailable,
                       &dataOutMoved);
    
    NSString *result = nil;
    
    if (encryptOperation == kCCDecrypt)//encryptOperation==1  解码
    {
        //得到解密出来的data数据，改变为utf-8的字符串
        result = [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSData dataWithBytes:(const void *)dataOut length:(NSUInteger)dataOutMoved] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease];
    }
    else //encryptOperation==0  （加密过程中，把加好密的数据转成base64的）
    {
        //编码 base64
        NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:(const void *)dataOut length:(NSUInteger)dataOutMoved];
        result = [GTMBase64 stringByEncodingData:data];
    }
    
    return result;
}

这里用到了Base64.。。从网上找到了一些好的类，直接贴到这里用

Base64.h

//
//  GTMBase64.h
//
//  Copyright 2006-2008 Google Inc.
//
//  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
//  use this file except in compliance with the License.  You may obtain a copy
//  of the License at
//
//  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
//  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
//  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
//  WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the
//  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
//  the License.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "GTMDefines.h"

// GTMBase64
//
/// Helper for handling Base64 and WebSafeBase64 encodings
//
/// The webSafe methods use different character set and also the results aren't
/// always padded to a multiple of 4 characters.  This is done so the resulting
/// data can be used in urls and url query arguments without needing any
/// encoding.  You must use the webSafe* methods together, the data does not
/// interop with the RFC methods.
//
@interface GTMBase64 : NSObject

//
// Standard Base64 (RFC) handling
//

// encodeData:
//
/// Base64 encodes contents of the NSData object.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)encodeData:(NSData *)data;

// decodeData:
//
/// Base64 decodes contents of the NSData object.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the decoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)decodeData:(NSData *)data;

// encodeBytes:length:
//
/// Base64 encodes the data pointed at by |bytes|.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)encodeBytes:(const void *)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;

// decodeBytes:length:
//
/// Base64 decodes the data pointed at by |bytes|.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)decodeBytes:(const void *)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;

// stringByEncodingData:
//
/// Base64 encodes contents of the NSData object.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSString with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSString *)stringByEncodingData:(NSData *)data;

// stringByEncodingBytes:length:
//
/// Base64 encodes the data pointed at by |bytes|.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSString with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSString *)stringByEncodingBytes:(const void *)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;

// decodeString:
//
/// Base64 decodes contents of the NSString.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the decoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)decodeString:(NSString *)string;

//
// Modified Base64 encoding so the results can go onto urls.
//
// The changes are in the characters generated and also allows the result to
// not be padded to a multiple of 4.
// Must use the matching call to encode/decode, won't interop with the
// RFC versions.
//

// webSafeEncodeData:padded:
//
/// WebSafe Base64 encodes contents of the NSData object.  If |padded| is YES
/// then padding characters are added so the result length is a multiple of 4.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)webSafeEncodeData:(NSData *)data
                      padded:(BOOL)padded;

// webSafeDecodeData:
//
/// WebSafe Base64 decodes contents of the NSData object.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the decoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)webSafeDecodeData:(NSData *)data;

// webSafeEncodeBytes:length:padded:
//
/// WebSafe Base64 encodes the data pointed at by |bytes|.  If |padded| is YES
/// then padding characters are added so the result length is a multiple of 4.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)webSafeEncodeBytes:(const void *)bytes
                       length:(NSUInteger)length
                       padded:(BOOL)padded;

// webSafeDecodeBytes:length:
//
/// WebSafe Base64 decodes the data pointed at by |bytes|.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSData with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSData *)webSafeDecodeBytes:(const void *)bytes length:(NSUInteger)length;

// stringByWebSafeEncodingData:padded:
//
/// WebSafe Base64 encodes contents of the NSData object.  If |padded| is YES
/// then padding characters are added so the result length is a multiple of 4.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSString with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSString *)stringByWebSafeEncodingData:(NSData *)data
                                  padded:(BOOL)padded;

// stringByWebSafeEncodingBytes:length:padded:
//
/// WebSafe Base64 encodes the data pointed at by |bytes|.  If |padded| is YES
/// then padding characters are added so the result length is a multiple of 4.
//
/// Returns:
///   A new autoreleased NSString with the encoded payload.  nil for any error.
//
+(NSString *)stringByWebSafeEncoding