3、Nacos作为服务注册中心演示
3.1、官网文档
3.2、基于Nacos的服务提供者
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新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001
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POM
父POM引入
<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency>
本模块POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.likun.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--日常通用jar包配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
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YML
server: port: 9001 spring: application: name: nacos-payment-provider cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址 management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: '*'
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主启动
package com.likun.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; /** * @author likun * @create 2021-05-02 3:59 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient public class PaymentMain9001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9001.class, args); } }
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业务类
package com.likun.springcloud.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author likun * @create 2021-05-02 4:01 */ @RestController public class PaymentController { @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping(value = "/payment/nacos/{id}") public String getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) { return "nacos registry, serverPort: " + serverPort + "\t id" + id; } }
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测试
启动9001并登录nacos
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为了下一章节演示nacos的负载均衡,参照9001新建9002
3.3、基于Nacos的服务消费者
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新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83
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POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.likun.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --> <dependency> <groupId>com.likun.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--日常通用jar包配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
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YML
server: port: 83 spring: application: name: nacos-order-consumer cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 #消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者) service-url: nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
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主启动
package com.likun.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; /** * @author likun * @create 2021-05-02 4:31 */ @EnableDiscoveryClient @SpringBootApplication public class OrderNacosMain83 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain83.class, args); } }
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业务类
config
package com.likun.springcloud.config; import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; /** * @author likun * @create 2021-05-02 4:34 */ @Configuration public class ApplicationContextBean { @Bean @LoadBalanced public RestTemplate restTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } }
controller
package com.likun.springcloud.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import javax.annotation.Resource; /** * @author likun * @create 2021-05-02 4:39 */ @RestController public class OrderNacosController { @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}") private String serverURL; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}") public String paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL + "/payment/nacos/" + id, String.class); } }
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测试
nacos控制台
http://localhost:83/consumer/payment/nacos/13
一直刷新,发现端口号来回切换,为什么有负载均衡能力?
(^-^)V
3.4、服务注册中心对比
各种注册中心对比
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Nacos全景图所示
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Nacos和CAP
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切换
Nacos 支持AP和CP模式的切换
C是所有节点在同一时间看到的数据是一致的;而A的定义是所有的请求都会收到响应。
何时选择使用何种模式?
一般来说,
如果不需要存储服务级别的信息且服务实例是通过nacos-client注册,并能够保持心跳上报,那么就可以选择AP模式。当前主流的服务如 Spring cloud 和 Dubbo 服务,都适用于AP模式,AP模式为了服务的可能性而减弱了一致性,因此AP模式下只支持注册临时实例。如果需要在服务级别编辑或者存储配置信息,那么 CP 是必须,K8S服务和DNS服务则适用于CP模式。
CP模式下则支持注册持久化实例,此时则是以 Raft 协议为集群运行模式,该模式下注册实例之前必须先注册服务,如果服务不存在,则会返回错误。curl -X PUT ‘$NACOS_SERVER:8848/nacos/v1/ns/operator/switches?entry=serverMode&value=CP’