c++ 遍历map的时候删除元素

在c++编程的时候，我们有时会遇到，在遍历map的时候，删除符合某个条件的元素，如果我们不做任何处理，直接删除map元素的话，程序会异常终端，提示"Expression: map/set iterator not incrementable"。所以如果想在遍历map的时候删除元素，必须做一些处理，下面给出一种方法.

#include <iostream>

#include <map>

using namespace std;





int main()

{

    map<int, int> test_map;

    test_map[1] = 1;

    test_map[2] = 2;

    test_map[3] = 3;

    test_map[4] = 4;

    

    for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin();

        iter != test_map.end(); ++ iter )

    {

        cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;

    }

    

    int count = 0;

    

    // delete the element

    for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin();

        iter != test_map.end(); )

    {

        std::map<int, int>::iterator it_back = iter;

        bool is_first_element = false;

        if(it_back != test_map.begin())

        it_back --;

        else

        is_first_element = true;

        

        // delete the element that matches the specific condition

        if( iter->first % 2 == 0)

        {

            test_map.erase(iter);

            

            if(is_first_element)

             iter = test_map.begin();

            else

                iter = ++ it_back;

        }else iter ++;      

        

        count ++;

    }

    

    cout << "use count:" << count << endl;

    

    cout << "after delete " << endl;

    

    for( std::map<int, int>::iterator iter = test_map.begin();

        iter != test_map.end(); ++ iter)

    {

        cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;

    }

    

    system("pause");

    return 0;

     

}

 

运行结果

1. 1 1
   
2. 2 2
   
3. 3 3
   
4. 4 4
   
5. use count:4
   
6. after delete
   
7. 1 1
   
8. 3 3

 

 

 

遍历所需次数，也就是整个map的总元素个数，不会增加额外的次数