JVM 常量池、运行时常量池、字符串常量池

常量池：

　　即class文件常量池，是class文件的一部分，用于保存编译时确定的数据。

       保存的内容如下图：

package lime;

/**
 * @Author liangmy
 * @Date 2019/1/22
 */

/**
 * 常量池：
 * <p>
 * 　　即class文件常量池，是class文件的一部分，用于保存编译时确定的数据。
 * 常量池项：
 * 1* 字面量
 * 1.1* 文本字符串
 * 1.2* 被声明为final的常量值
 * 1.3* 基本数据类型的值
 * 1.4* 其他（其他是个什么玩意）
 * 2* 符号引用
 * 2.1* 类的完全限定名
 * 2.2* 字段名称和描述符
 * 2.3* 方法名称和描述符
 */
public class Main {
    private int fieldInt;

    public void showTime() {
        System.out.println("show time");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String string = "lime";
        final byte finalByte = 1;
        final short finalShort = 2;
        final int finalInt = 4;
        final long finalLong = 8;
        final Object finalObject = new Object();
        byte b = 1;
        short s = 2;
        int i = 4;
        long l = 8;
    }
}

javac Main.java

javap -verbose Main

警告: 二进制文件Main包含lime.Main
Compiled from "Main.java"
public class lime.Main {
  public lime.Main();
  public void showTime();
  public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
}
localhost:lime liangmy$ javap -verbose Main
警告: 二进制文件Main包含lime.Main
Classfile /Users/liangmy/ideaProjects/lime/src/main/java/lime/Main.class
  Last modified 2019-12-27; size 558 bytes
  MD5 checksum 9d231ec6e27ca000980573bfb6338e05
  Compiled from "Main.java"
public class lime.Main
  minor version: 0
  major version: 52
  flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
   #1 = Methodref          #6.#21         // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   #2 = Fieldref           #22.#23        // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
   #3 = String             #24            // show time
   #4 = Methodref          #25.#26        // java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
   #5 = String             #27            // lime
   #6 = Class              #28            // java/lang/Object
   #7 = Long               8l
   #9 = Class              #29            // lime/Main
  #10 = Utf8               fieldInt
  #11 = Utf8               I
  #12 = Utf8               <init>
  #13 = Utf8               ()V
  #14 = Utf8               Code
  #15 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
  #16 = Utf8               showTime
  #17 = Utf8               main
  #18 = Utf8               ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #19 = Utf8               SourceFile
  #20 = Utf8               Main.java
  #21 = NameAndType        #12:#13        // "<init>":()V
  #22 = Class              #30            // java/lang/System
  #23 = NameAndType        #31:#32        // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #24 = Utf8               show time
  #25 = Class              #33            // java/io/PrintStream
  #26 = NameAndType        #34:#35        // println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #27 = Utf8               lime
  #28 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
  #29 = Utf8               lime/Main
  #30 = Utf8               java/lang/System
  #31 = Utf8               out
  #32 = Utf8               Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #33 = Utf8               java/io/PrintStream
  #34 = Utf8               println
  #35 = Utf8               (Ljava/lang/String;)V
{
  public lime.Main();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 23: 0

  public void showTime();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: getstatic     #2                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
         3: ldc           #3                  // String show time
         5: invokevirtual #4                  // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
         8: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 27: 0
        line 28: 8

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
    descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=13, args_size=1
         0: ldc           #5                  // String lime
         2: astore_1
         3: new           #6                  // class java/lang/Object
         6: dup
         7: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
        10: astore        7
        12: iconst_1
        13: istore        8
        15: iconst_2
        16: istore        9
        18: iconst_4
        19: istore        10
        21: ldc2_w        #7                  // long 8l
        24: lstore        11
        26: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 31: 0
        line 36: 3
        line 37: 12
        line 38: 15
        line 39: 18
        line 40: 21
        line 41: 26
}
SourceFile: "Main.java"

运行时常量池：

　　Java语言并不要求常量一定只能在编译期产生，运行期间也可能产生新的常量，这些常量被放在运行时常量池中。

　　类加载后，常量池中的数据会在运行时常量池中存放！

　　这里所说的常量包括：基本类型包装类（包装类不管理浮点型，整形只会管理-128到127）和String（也可以通过String.intern()方法可以强制将String放入常量池）

 

字符串常量池：

　　HotSpot VM里，记录interned string的一个全局表叫做StringTable，它本质上就是个HashSet<String>。注意它只存储对java.lang.String实例的引用，而不存储String对象的内容

 

jdk 1.7后，移除了方法区间，运行时常量池和字符串常量池都在堆中。