C#编程：多线程与UI操作

为了让程序尽快响应用户操作，在开发Windows应用程序时经常会使用到线程。对于耗时的操作如果不使用线程将会是UI界面长时间处于停滞状态，这种情况是用户非常不愿意看到的，在这种情况下我们希望使用线程来解决这个问题。

    简单贴出几种处理情况的代码，慢慢琢磨吧！

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1. using System;   
2. using System.Collections.Generic;   
3. using System.ComponentModel;   
4. using System.Data;   
5. using System.Drawing;   
6. using System.Linq;   
7. using System.Text;   
8. using System.Windows.Forms;   
9. using System.Threading;   
10.    
11. namespace ThreadPoolDemo   
12. {   
13.         public partial class ThreadForm : Form   
14.         {   
15.                 //定义delegate以便Invoke时使用   
16.                 private delegate void SetProgressBarValue(int value);   
17.                 private BackgroundWorker worker;   
18.                 public ThreadForm()   
19.                 {   
20.                         InitializeComponent();   
21.                 }   
22.    
23.                 private void btnThread_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)   
24.                 {   
25.                         progressBar.Value = 0;   
26.                         //指示是否对错误线程的调用，即是否允许在创建UI的线程之外访问线程   
27.                         //CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;   
28.                         Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run));   
29.                         thread.Start();   
30.                 }   
31.                 //使用线程来直接设置进度条   
32.                 private void Run()   
33.                 {   
34.                         while (progressBar.Value < progressBar.Maximum)   
35.                         {   
36.                                 progressBar.PerformStep();   
37.                         }   
38.                 }   
39.    
40.                 private void btnInvoke_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)   
41.                 {   
42.                         progressBar.Value = 0;   
43.                         Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RunWithInvoke));   
44.                         thread.Start();   
45.                 }   
46.                 //使用Invoke方法来设置进度条   
47.                 private void RunWithInvoke()   
48.                 {   
49.                         int value = progressBar.Value;   
50.                         while (value< progressBar.Maximum)   
51.                         {   
52.                                 //如果是跨线程调用   
53.                                 if (InvokeRequired)   
54.                                 {   
55.                                         this.Invoke(new SetProgressBarValue(SetProgressValue), value++);   
56.                                 }   
57.                                 else   
58.                                 {   
59.                                         progressBar.Value = ++value;   
60.                                 }   
61.                         }   
62.                 }   
63.                 //跟SetProgressBarValue委托相匹配的方法   
64.                 private void SetProgressValue(int value)   
65.                 {   
66.                         progressBar.Value = value;   
67.                 }   
68.    
69.                 private void btnBackgroundWorker_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)   
70.                 {   
71.                         progressBar.Value = 0;   
72.                         worker = new BackgroundWorker();   
73.                         worker.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(worker_DoWork);   
74.                         //当工作进度发生变化时执行的事件处理方法   
75.                         worker.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(worker_ProgressChanged);   
76.                         //当事件处理完毕后执行的方法   
77.                         worker.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(worker_RunWorkerCompleted);   
78.                         worker.WorkerReportsProgress = true;//支持报告进度更新   
79.                         worker.WorkerSupportsCancellation = false;//不支持异步取消   
80.                         worker.RunWorkerAsync();//启动执行   
81.                         btnBackgroundWorker.Enabled = false;   
82.                 }   
83.                 //当事件处理完毕后执行的方法   
84.                 void worker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)   
85.                 {   
86.                         btnBackgroundWorker.Enabled=true;   
87.                 }   
88.                 //当工作进度发生变化时执行的事件处理方法   
89.                 void worker_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)   
90.                 {   
91.                         //可以在这个方法中与界面进行通讯   
92.                         progressBar.Value = e.ProgressPercentage;   
93.                 }   
94.                 //开始启动工作时执行的事件处理方法   
95.                 void worker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)   
96.                 {   
97.                         int value = progressBar.Value;   
98.                         while (value < progressBar.Maximum)   
99.                         {   
100.                                 worker.ReportProgress(++value);//汇报进度   
101.                         }   
102.                 }   
103.                 //使用System.Windows.Forms.Timer来操作界面能   
104.                 private void btnTimer_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)   
105.                 {   
106.                         progressBar.Value = 0;   
107.                         //注意在.net中有多个命名空间下存在Timer类，为了便于区别，使用了带命名空间形式   
108.                         System.Windows.Forms.Timer timer = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();   
109.                         timer.Interval = 1;   
110.                         timer.Tick += new EventHandler(timer_Tick);   
111.                         timer.Enabled = true;   
112.                 }   
113.                 //Timer中要定期执行的方法   
114.                 void timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)   
115.                 {   
116.                         int value = progressBar.Value;   
117.                         if (value < progressBar.Maximum)   
118.                         {   
119.                                 progressBar.Value = value+100;   
120.                         }   
121.                 }   
122.         }   
123. }