用Python写一个简单聊天机器人

简单聊天机器人基于Python中的nltk库和简单的规则匹配实现。那首先呢，我们需要安装nltk库和相关资源：

pip install nltk 

然后，我们可以使用以下代码导入所需的库和资源，并定义一个简单的匹配函数：

import random

import re

import nltk

from nltk.corpus import wordnet

nltk.download('punkt')

nltk.download('wordnet')

# 定义简单的规则匹配函数

def match_rule(rules, message):

for pattern, responses in rules.items():

match = re.search(pattern, message)

if match is not None:

response = random.choice(responses)

if '{0}' in response:

groups = match.groups()

response = response.format(*groups)

return response

接下来，我们可以定义一些简单的规则和回复：

rules = { r'hi|hello|hey': ['Hello!', 'Hi there!', 'Howdy!'], r'what is your name': ["My name is ChatBot. What's yours?", 'I am ChatBot. What should I call you?'], r'my name is (.*)': ['Nice to meet you, {0}!'], r'how are you': ["I'm doing fine. How about you?", "I'm doing well. Thank you."], r'synonym for (.*)': ['A synonym for {0} is {1}.'] }

我们可以通过调用match_rule()函数，将用户输入的消息和规则进行匹配，然后返回一个随机选择的回复消息。

# 运行聊天机器人

while True:

message = input('> ')

response = match_rule(rules, message)

if response is not None:

print(response)

continue

# 尝试寻找同义词

words = nltk.word_tokenize(message.lower())

for i in range(len(words)):

synonyms = []

for syn in wordnet.synsets(words[i]):

for lemma in syn.lemmas():

synonyms.append(lemma.name())

if len(synonyms) > 1:

print("A synonym for", words[i], "is", synonyms[1])

break

 

当用户输入与规则或单词同义词匹配的消息时，机器人就会作出相应的回复。

以上是我的分享，欢迎大家来交流学习。