异常记录（一）

一.

异常信息：
PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
原因：
创建ssl 时缺少安全证书
解决办法：
将要访问的的网站的安全证书 导入服务器
具体做法：
以下是获取安全证书的一种方法，通过以下程序获取安全证书：

/* 
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved. 
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 
 * are met: 
 * 
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 * 
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 
 * 
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its 
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived 
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission. 
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS 
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR 
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, 
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR 
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF 
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING 
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS 
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 
 */  
  
import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
import java.io.OutputStream;  
import java.security.KeyStore;  
import java.security.MessageDigest;  
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;  
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;  
  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;  
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;  
  
public class InstallCert {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        String host;  
        int port;  
        char[] passphrase;  
        if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {  
            String[] c = args[0].split(":");  
            host = c[0];  
            port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);  
            String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];  
            passphrase = p.toCharArray();  
        } else {  
            System.out  
                    .println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");  
            return;  
        }  
  
        File file = new File("jssecacerts");  
        if (file.isFile() == false) {  
            char SEP = File.separatorChar;  
            File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"  
                    + SEP + "security");  
            file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");  
            if (file.isFile() == false) {  
                file = new File(dir, "cacerts");  
            }  
        }  
        System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");  
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);  
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());  
        ks.load(in, passphrase);  
        in.close();  
  
        SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");  
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory  
                .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());  
        tmf.init(ks);  
        X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf  
                .getTrustManagers()[0];  
        SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);  
        context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);  
        SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();  
  
        System.out  
                .println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");  
        SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);  
        socket.setSoTimeout(10000);  
        try {  
            System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");  
            socket.startHandshake();  
            socket.close();  
            System.out.println();  
            System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");  
        } catch (SSLException e) {  
            System.out.println();  
            e.printStackTrace(System.out);  
        }  
  
        X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;  
        if (chain == null) {  
            System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");  
            return;  
        }  
  
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(  
                System.in));  
  
        System.out.println();  
        System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");  
        System.out.println();  
        MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");  
        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");  
        for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {  
            X509Certificate cert = chain[i];  
            System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "  
                    + cert.getSubjectDN());  
            System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());  
            sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());  
            System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));  
            md5.update(cert.getEncoded());  
            System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));  
            System.out.println();  
        }  
  
        System.out  
                .println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");  
        String line = reader.readLine().trim();  
        int k;  
        try {  
            k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;  
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {  
            System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");  
            return;  
        }  
  
        X509Certificate cert = chain[k];  
        String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);  
        ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);  
  
        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");  
        ks.store(out, passphrase);  
        out.close();  
  
        System.out.println();  
        System.out.println(cert);  
        System.out.println();  
        System.out  
                .println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"  
                        + alias + "'");  
    }  
  
    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();  
  
    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {  
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);  
        for (int b : bytes) {  
            b &= 0xff;  
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);  
            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);  
            sb.append(' ');  
        }  
        return sb.toString();  
    }  
  
    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {  
  
        private final X509TrustManager tm;  
        private X509Certificate[] chain;  
  
        SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {  
            this.tm = tm;  
        }  
  
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {  
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();  
        }  
  
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)  
                throws CertificateException {  
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();  
        }  
  
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)  
                throws CertificateException {  
            this.chain = chain;  
            tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);  
        }  
    }  
  
}  

编译InstallCert.java，然后执行：java InstallCert hostname，比如：
java InstallCert api.yingwill.com
会看到如下信息：

Loading KeyStore jssecacerts...
Opening connection to api.yingwill.com:443...
Starting SSL handshake...

javax.net.ssl.SSLException: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
        at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:208)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1904)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1862)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.handleException(SSLSocketImpl.java:1845)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1366)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1343)
        at InstallCert.main(InstallCert.java:102)
Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
        at InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.getAcceptedIssuers(InstallCert.java:187)
        at sun.security.ssl.AbstractTrustManagerWrapper.checkAlgorithmConstraints(SSLContextImpl.java:998)
        at sun.security.ssl.AbstractTrustManagerWrapper.checkAdditionalTrust(SSLContextImpl.java:944)
        at sun.security.ssl.AbstractTrustManagerWrapper.checkServerTrusted(SSLContextImpl.java:886)
        at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1428)
        at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:209)
        at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:913)
        at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:849)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1023)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1332)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1359)
        ... 2 more

Server sent 2 certificate(s):

 1 Subject CN=api.yingwill.com
   Issuer  CN=Let's Encrypt Authority X3, O=Let's Encrypt, C=US
   sha1    f4 eb 51 92 55 ab 4d 35 38 df 1c c1 81 0d 93 97 10 7b fe fe
   md5     a8 f4 1e a5 c7 90 a1 1e 3a b8 72 62 9f e7 7f da

 2 Subject CN=Let's Encrypt Authority X3, O=Let's Encrypt, C=US
   Issuer  CN=DST Root CA X3, O=Digital Signature Trust Co.
   sha1    e6 a3 b4 5b 06 2d 50 9b 33 82 28 2d 19 6e fe 97 d5 95 6c cb
   md5     b1 54 09 27 4f 54 ad 8f 02 3d 3b 85 a5 ec ec 5d

Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]

输入1，回车，然后会在当前的目录下产生一个名为“ssecacerts”的证书。
将证书拷贝到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下
注意：因为是静态加载，所以要重新启动你的Web Server，证书才能生效。