1、安装MariaDB（成功）
（1）创建镜像repo文件
[root@localhost src]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo文件内容如下：
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.2/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1（2）更新yum缓存数据
[root@localhost src]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Cleaning repos: base code epel extras google-chrome mariadb updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost src]# yum makecache all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
epel/x86_64/metalink
#此处省略显示信息......
Metadata Cache Created
（3）安装
[root@localhost src]# yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client -y（4）启动
[root@localhost src]# systemctl start mariadb.service（5）设置开机启动
[root@localhost src]# systemctl enable mariadb.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.（6）初始化
初始化会有一些提示输入，可根据实际需要进行设置。
[root@localhost src]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we will need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): #初次运行，直接回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y #是否设置root用户密码，输入Y并回车或直接回车
New password: #设置root用户密码
Re-enter new password: #密码确认
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] #是否删除匿名用户，回车
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n #是否禁止root远程登录，输入n回车（我需要远程连接）
... skipping.
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] #是否删除test数据库，回车
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] #是否重新加载权限表，回车
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
（7）连接数据库
[root@localhost src]# mysql -uroot -p -h localhost -P 3306
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 18
Server version: 10.2.43-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> 连接数据库成功，即安装成功。
MariaDB安装参考文档： 一键部署 — WeBASE v1.5.4 文档
2、安装Msql8.0（未成功，请勿参考）
以下安装未成功，遇到诸多问题，后来使用Docker创建Mysql容器进行使用的，此方法可参见 https://blog.csdn.net/ling1998/article/details/124809256
以下只做记录，如果有时间再去尝试
（1）下载安装包
下载地址：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server
当前最新版本是8.0.29 ，下载完成上传至Centos系统
（2）查看安装过的MariaDB
[root@Tracy src]# rpm -qa | grep MariaDB
MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-compat-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-common-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-server-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64（3）卸载MariaDB
[root@Tracy src]# yum remove MariaDB
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=========================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=========================================================================================================================
Removing:
MariaDB-server x86_64 10.2.43-1.el7.centos @mariadb 117 M
Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package
Installed size: 117 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Erasing : MariaDB-server-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : MariaDB-server-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/1
Removed:
MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos
Complete!
再次查看MariaDB和mysql
[root@Tracy src]# rpm -qa | grep MariaDB
MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-compat-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-common-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@Tracy src]# find / -name MariaDB
[root@Tracy src]# find / -name mysql
/var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/share/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql发现还有则删除对应目录
[root@Tracy src]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/bin/mysql删除mysql用户及用户组
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# more /etc/passwd | grep mysql
mysql:x:996:994:MySQL server:/var/lib/mysql:/sbin/nologin
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# more /etc/shadow | grep mysql
mysql:!!:19128::::::
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# more /etc/group | grep mysql
mysql:x:994:
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# userdel mysql
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# groupdel mysql（4）解压
进入到上传目录，我的目录是/usr/local/mysql8.0
[root@Tracy src]# cd /usr/local/mysql8.0解压
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# tar -vxf mysql-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm（5）安装rpm包
1）安装mysql-community-common（服务器与客户端库的通用文件）
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-8.0.29-1.e################################# [100%]2）安装mysql-community-client-plugins（客户端插件，同时也是安装libs时的依赖）
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-plugins-8.################################# [100%]3）安装mysql-community-libs（Mysql数据库客户端应用程序共享库）
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.29-1.el7################################# [100%]4）安装mysql-community-client（Mysql客户端应用程序和工具）
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
file /usr/bin/mysql from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mysqladmin from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mysqlcheck from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mysqldump from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mysqlimport from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mysqlshow from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mysqlslap from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz from install of mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64此时报错：与MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64冲突，这可能与没有删除MariaDB有关
解决方案：删除冲突文件
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# yum -y remove MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=========================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=========================================================================================================================
Removing:
MariaDB-client x86_64 10.2.43-1.el7.centos installed 56 M
Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package
Installed size: 56 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Erasing : MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/1
warning: file /usr/bin/mysql: remove failed: No such file or directory
Verifying : MariaDB-client-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/1
Removed:
MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos
Complete!再次安装mysql-community-client
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-8.0.29-1.e################################# [100%]5）安装mysql-community-icu-data-files（server依赖）
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.################################# [100%]6）安装mysql-community-server（数据库服务器及相关工具）
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
file /etc/my.cnf from install of mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64此时又报错：与MariaDB-common-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64冲突，这可能与没有删除MariaDB有关
解决方案：删除冲突文件
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# yum -y remove MariaDB-common-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-common.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: MariaDB-common for package: MariaDB-compat-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-compat.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-9.el7 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.1-27.el7.centos.1.x86_64
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Running transaction check
---> Package redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.1-27.el7.centos.1 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=========================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=========================================================================================================================
Removing:
MariaDB-common x86_64 10.2.43-1.el7.centos installed 303 k
Removing for dependencies:
MariaDB-compat x86_64 10.2.43-1.el7.centos installed 11 M
postfix x86_64 2:2.10.1-9.el7 @anaconda 12 M
redhat-lsb-core x86_64 4.1-27.el7.centos.1 @base 45 k
Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Installed size: 24 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Erasing : redhat-lsb-core-4.1-27.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/4
Erasing : 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 2/4
Erasing : MariaDB-common-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 3/4
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/README: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql/charsets: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/share/mysql: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/sha256_password.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysql_clear_password.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/dialog.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/client_ed25519.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/auth_gssapi_client.so: remove failed: No such file or directory
warning: file /etc/my.cnf: remove failed: No such file or directory
Erasing : MariaDB-compat-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : MariaDB-compat-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : MariaDB-common-10.2.43-1.el7.centos.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : redhat-lsb-core-4.1-27.el7.centos.1.x86_64 4/4
Removed:
MariaDB-common.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos
Dependency Removed:
MariaDB-compat.x86_64 0:10.2.43-1.el7.centos postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-9.el7
redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.1-27.el7.centos.1
Complete!
再次安装 mysql-community-server
[root@Tracy mysql8.0]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-8.0.29-1.e################################# [100%]
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