本文详细介绍了Linux下如何进行磁盘格式化，包括使用mke2fs创建ext2/ext3/ext4文件系统，以及mkfs.xfs构造XFS文件系统。接着讲解了磁盘的挂载与卸载操作，如使用mount和umount命令。最后，文章阐述了如何手动增加swap空间，包括使用dd创建交换文件和mkswap激活交换空间。
4.5 磁盘格式化
# cat /etc/filesystems
# mount | grep /dev/sda
/dev/sda3 on / type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
mke2fs - create an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem
mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext3 mkfs.ext4
-b
block-size
Specify the size of blocks in bytes.
Valid block-size values are 1024, 2048 and 4096 bytes per block.
# mke2fs -b 4096 /dev/sdb1
-t
fs-type
Specify the filesystem type (i.e., ext2, ext3, ext4, etc.) that is to be created.
If this option is not specified,
mke2fs will pick a default either via how the command was run
(for example, using a name of the form mkfs.ext2, mkfs.ext3, etc.)
or via a default as defined by the /etc/mke2fs.conf file.
This option controls which filesystem options are used by default,
based on the fstypes configuration stanza in /etc/mke2fs.conf.
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