servlet操作

servlet为专门为后台调用而写的类，它由服务器容器调用，如tomcat

servlet生存周期：

1.servlet容器初始化时会加载该servlet

2.生成一个servlet对象，调用service的init方法进行初始化

3.当访问到达时，service会根据请求的类型选择调用doGet或者doPost方法

4.访问结束时，service调用destory，销毁该servlet对象

客户端访问时使用HttpURLConnection进行连接

下面是做的一个下载文件的demo：

服务器端：

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		ServletOutputStream outStream = response.getOutputStream();
		File file = new File("D:\\workspace\\MyHttpTest\\src\\abc.txt");
		
		FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(file);
		int readData = -1;
		while((readData = fin.read()) != -1){
			outStream.write(readData);
		}
		outStream.close();
	}

客户端：

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		URL url = new URL("http://192.168.0.168:8088/MyHttpTest/servlet/MyHttp");
		HttpURLConnection connect = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		connect.setRequestMethod("GET");
		connect.setRequestProperty("Proxy-Connection", "Keep-Alive");
		connect.setDoOutput(true);
		connect.setDoInput(true);
		
		InputStream inputs = connect.getInputStream();
		DataInputStream din = new DataInputStream(inputs);
		
		File file = new File("src\\abc.txt");
		FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(file);
		int readData = -1;
		while((readData = din.read()) != -1){
			fout.write(readData);
		}
		connect.disconnect();
	}

HttpURLConnection请求时的参数配置

在发送POST请求时

URL url = new URL("http://192.168.0.168:8088/MyHttpTest/servlet/MyHttp");
		HttpURLConnection connect = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		
		connect.setRequestMethod("POST");
		connect.setRequestProperty( "charset", "utf-8");
		connect.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
		connect.setDoOutput(true);
		connect.setDoInput(true);
		connect.setInstanceFollowRedirects( false );
		
		String urlParameters  = "param1=a¶m2=b¶m3=c";
		byte[] postData       = urlParameters.getBytes("UTF-8");
		int    postDataLength = postData.length;

		connect.setRequestProperty( "Content-Length", Integer.toString( postDataLength ));
		DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream( connect.getOutputStream());
		wr.write(postData);

postDataLength 需要设置正确，否则http服务会一直等待，最终会导致超时（没验证）。
在发送GET请求时
<pre name="code" class="java"><pre name="code" class="java">String u = "http://192.168.0.168:8088/MyHttpTest/servlet/MyHttp";
		u+="?param1=a¶m2=b¶m3=c";
		URL url = new URL(u);

服务端的参数获取：

String value = request.getParameter("param1");

servlet更加详细的流程可以参考这里