mysql排序检索数据
1. ORDER BY子句对输出排序
以字母顺序排序prod_name列
:
SELECT prod_name FROM products ORDER BY prod_name;
结果:
+----------------+
| prod_name |
+----------------+
| .5 ton anvil |
| 1 ton anvil |
| 2 ton anvil |
| Bird seed |
| Carrots |
| Detonator |
| Fuses |
| JetPack 1000 |
| JetPack 2000 |
| Oil can |
| Safe |
| Sling |
| TNT (1 stick) |
| TNT (5 sticks) |
+----------------+
14 rows in set (0.08 sec)
使用非检索的列排序数据合法
:
SELECT prod_name FROM products ORDER BY prod_id;
结果:
+----------------+
| prod_name |
+----------------+
| .5 ton anvil |
| 1 ton anvil |
| 2 ton anvil |
| Detonator |
| Bird seed |
| Carrots |
| Fuses |
| JetPack 1000 |
| JetPack 2000 |
| Oil can |
| Safe |
| Sling |
| TNT (1 stick) |
| TNT (5 sticks) |
+----------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2. 按多列排序
SELECT prod_id,prod_price,prod_name FROM products ORDER BY prod_price,prod_name;
结果:
+---------+------------+----------------+
| prod_id | prod_price | prod_name |
+---------+------------+----------------+
| FC | 2.50 | Carrots |
| TNT1 | 2.50 | TNT (1 stick) |
| FU1 | 3.42 | Fuses |
| SLING | 4.49 | Sling |
| ANV01 | 5.99 | .5 ton anvil |
| OL1 | 8.99 | Oil can |
| ANV02 | 9.99 | 1 ton anvil |
| FB | 10.00 | Bird seed |
| TNT2 | 10.00 | TNT (5 sticks) |
| DTNTR | 13.00 | Detonator |
| ANV03 | 14.99 | 2 ton anvil |
| JP1000 | 35.00 | JetPack 1000 |
| SAFE | 50.00 | Safe |
| JP2000 | 55.00 | JetPack 2000 |
+---------+------------+----------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
按其中两个列对结果进行排序——首先按价格,然后再按名称排序。仅在多个行具有相同的prod_price值时才对产品按prod_name进行排序。如果prod_price列中所有的值都是唯一的,则不会按prod_name排序。
3. 指定排序方向
数据排序不限于升序排序(从A到Z)。这只是默认的排序顺序,还可以使用ORDER BY子句以降序(从Z到A)顺序排序。为了进行降序排序,必须指定DESC关键字。
按价格以降序排序产品(最贵的排在最前面)
:
SELECT prod_id,prod_price,prod_name FROM products ORDER BY prod_price DESC;
结果:
+---------+------------+----------------+
| prod_id | prod_price | prod_name |
+---------+------------+----------------+
| JP2000 | 55.00 | JetPack 2000 |
| SAFE | 50.00 | Safe |
| JP1000 | 35.00 | JetPack 1000 |
| ANV03 | 14.99 | 2 ton anvil |
| DTNTR | 13.00 | Detonator |
| FB | 10.00 | Bird seed |
| TNT2 | 10.00 | TNT (5 sticks) |
| ANV02 | 9.99 | 1 ton anvil |
| OL1 | 8.99 | Oil can |
| ANV01 | 5.99 | .5 ton anvil |
| SLING | 4.49 | Sling |
| FU1 | 3.42 | Fuses |
| FC | 2.50 | Carrots |
| TNT1 | 2.50 | TNT (1 stick) |
+---------+------------+----------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以降序排序产品(最贵的在最前面),然后再对产品名排序
:
SELECT prod_id,prod_price,prod_name FROM products ORDER BY prod_price DESC,prod_name;
结果:
+---------+------------+----------------+
| prod_id | prod_price | prod_name |
+---------+------------+----------------+
| JP2000 | 55.00 | JetPack 2000 |
| SAFE | 50.00 | Safe |
| JP1000 | 35.00 | JetPack 1000 |
| ANV03 | 14.99 | 2 ton anvil |
| DTNTR | 13.00 | Detonator |
| FB | 10.00 | Bird seed |
| TNT2 | 10.00 | TNT (5 sticks) |
| ANV02 | 9.99 | 1 ton anvil |
| OL1 | 8.99 | Oil can |
| ANV01 | 5.99 | .5 ton anvil |
| SLING | 4.49 | Sling |
| FU1 | 3.42 | Fuses |
| FC | 2.50 | Carrots |
| TNT1 | 2.50 | TNT (1 stick) |
+---------+------------+----------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
DESC
关键字只应用到直接位于其前面的列名。在上例中,只对prod_price
列指定DESC
,对prod_name
列不指定。因此,prod_price
列以降序排序,而prod_name
列(在每个价格内)仍然按标准的升序排序。
如何在多个列上降序排序
:
如果想在多个列上进行降序排序,必须对每个列指定DESC
关键字。与DESC相反的关键字是ASC(ASCENDING),在升序排序时可以指定它。
4. 检索最高或最低的值
最高
:
SELECT prod_price FROM products ORDER BY prod_price DESC LIMIT 1;
结果:
+------------+
| prod_price |
+------------+
| 55.00 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
最低
:
SELECT prod_price FROM products ORDER BY prod_price LIMIT 1;
结果:
+------------+
| prod_price |
+------------+
| 2.50 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)