(1)XPath的使用
前面讲了Stax处理XML的查找,有基于光标的查找,和基于迭代模型的查找。Stax也支持XPath查找。
/**
* XPath的使用
* 查找category为WEB的bookList
*/
@Test
public void test06() {
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("books.xml");
//创建文档处理对象
DocumentBuilder db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
//通过DocumentBuilder创建doc的文档对象
Document doc = db.parse(is);
//创建XPath对象
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
//第一个参数是xpath,第二个参数是文档
//查找category为WEB的bookList
NodeList list = (NodeList)xpath.evaluate("//book[@category='WEB']", doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
//遍历输出相应的结果
Element el = (Element)list.item(i);
System.out.println(el.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent());
}
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (is != null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
输出结果:
XQuery Kick Start
Learning XML
(2)写文档:使用XMLStreamWriter创建xml
/**
* 使用XMLStreamWriter创建xml
*/
@Test
public void test07() {
try {
XMLStreamWriter xsw = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamWriter(System.out);
xsw.writeStartDocument("UTF-8", "1.0");
xsw.writeEndDocument();
String ns = "http://11:dd";
//三个参数分别是前缀、标签名、命名空间URI
xsw.writeStartElement("ns", "person", ns);
xsw.writeStartElement(ns, "id");
//xsw.writeStartElement("person");
//xsw.writeStartElement("id");
xsw.writeCharacters("1");
xsw.writeEndElement();
xsw.writeEndElement();
xsw.flush();
xsw.close();
} catch (XMLStreamException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FactoryConfigurationError e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
输出结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ns:person><ns:id>1</ns:id></ns:person>
去掉注释部分后的输出结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ns:person><ns:id><person><id>1</id></person>
(3)修改文档:使用Transformer更新节点信息
读取文档,修改部分,并打印出文档
/**
* 使用Transformer更新节点信息
* 修改标题为Learning XML的书的价格为333.9
*/
@Test
public void test08() {
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("books.xml");
//创建文档处理对象
DocumentBuilder db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
//通过DocumentBuilder创建doc的文档对象
Document doc = db.parse(is);
//创建XPath对象
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
Transformer tran = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
tran.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
//设置第一行换行
tran.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
//第一个参数是xpath,第二个参数是文档
NodeList list = (NodeList)xpath.evaluate("//book[title='Learning XML']", doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
//获取上面所查找书的price节点,并set
Element be = (Element)list.item(0);
Element el = (Element)(be.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0));
el.setTextContent("333.9");
//通过transformer修改节点
Result result = new StreamResult(System.out);
tran.transform(new DOMSource(doc), result);
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerFactoryConfigurationError e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (is != null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
输出结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<bookstore>
<book category="COOKING">
<title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
<author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>30.00</price>
</book>
<book category="CHILDREN">
<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>
<book category="WEB">
<title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
<author>James McGovern</author>
<author>Per Bothner</author>
<author>Kurt Cagle</author>
<author>James Linn</author>
<author>Vaidyanathan Nagarajan</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>49.99</price>
</book>
<book category="WEB">
<title lang="en">Learning XML</title>
<author>Erik T. Ray</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>333.9</price>
</book>
</bookstore>