SQL经典练习（Transact-SQL）

最近在学SQL，于是在网上找了几道经典的SQL练习题做了一下，对新手很合适，总共47题。我使用的是SQLServer2008R2，大部分都是标准SQL。

用一下语句生成练习数据；

CREATE TABLE Student
(Sno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
Sname VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
Ssex VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL,
Sbirthday DATETIME,
Class VARCHAR(5))
go
CREATE TABLE Course
(Cno VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
Cname VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
Tno VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL)
go
CREATE TABLE Score
(Sno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
Cno VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
Degree NUMERIC(10, 1) NOT NULL)
go
CREATE TABLE Teacher
(Tno VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
Tname VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL, TSEX VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL,
Tbirthday DATETIME NOT NULL, PROF VARCHAR(6),
Depart VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL)

INSERT INTO STUDENT (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (108 ,'曾华'
,'男' ,1997-09-01,95033);
INSERT INTO STUDENT (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (105 ,'匡明'
,'男' ,1995-10-02,95031);
INSERT INTO STUDENT (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (107 ,'王丽'
,'女' ,1996-01-23,95033);
INSERT INTO STUDENT (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (101 ,'李军'
,'男' ,1996-02-20,95033);
INSERT INTO STUDENT (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (109 ,'王芳'
,'女' ,1995-02-10,95031);
INSERT INTO STUDENT (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES (103 ,'陆君'
,'男' ,1994-06-03,95031);
GO
INSERT INTO COURSE(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES ('3-105' ,'计算机导论',825)
INSERT INTO COURSE(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES ('3-245' ,'操作系统' ,804);
INSERT INTO COURSE(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES ('6-166' ,'数据电路' ,856);
INSERT INTO COURSE(CNO,CNAME,TNO)VALUES ('9-888' ,'高等数学' ,100);
GO
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (103,'3-245',86);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (105,'3-245',75);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (109,'3-245',68);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (103,'3-105',92);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (105,'3-105',88);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (109,'3-105',76);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (101,'3-105',64);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (107,'3-105',91);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (108,'3-105',78);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (101,'6-166',85);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (107,'6-106',79);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE)VALUES (108,'6-166',81);
GO
INSERT INTO TEACHER(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART)
VALUES (804,'李诚','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系');
INSERT INTO TEACHER(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART)
VALUES (856,'张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系');
INSERT INTO TEACHER(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART)
VALUES (825,'王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系');
INSERT INTO TEACHER(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART)
VALUES (831,'刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系');

四表联查看看效果。。。

 SELECT S.*, C.*, SC.*, T.* FROM STUDENT AS S FULL JOIN SCORE AS SC
 ON S.SNO = SC.SNO FULL JOIN COURSE AS C ON SC.CNO = C.CNO
 FULL JOIN TEACHER AS T ON C.TNO = T.TNO;

–题目：
–1、 查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
–2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。
–3、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。
–4、 查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。
–5、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
–6、 以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
–7、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
–8、 查询“95031”班的学生人数。
–9、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。
–10、查询‘3-105’号课程的平均分。
–11、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分 数。
–12、查询最低分大于70，最高分小于90的Sno列。
–13、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
–14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
–15、查询“95033”班所选课程的平均分。
–16、假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：
create table grade(low number(3,0),upp number(3),rank char(1));
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’);
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’);
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’);
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’);
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’);
commit;
–现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。
–17、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
–18、查询score中选学一门以上课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
–19、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
–20、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
–21、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。
–22、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
–23、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
–24、查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
–25、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
–26、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。
–27、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
–28、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.
–29、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
–30、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
–31、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
–32、查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.
–33 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
–34、查询至少有2名男生的班号。
–35、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
–36、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
–37、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
–38、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
–39、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。
–40、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
–41、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
–42、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
–43、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表
–44、查询本周过生日的学生
–45、查询下周过生日的学生
–46、查询本月过生日的学生
–47、查询下月过生日的学生

答案；

–1、 查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
SELECT SNAME, SSEX, CLASS FROM STUDENT;

–2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。
SELECT DISTINCT DEPART FROM TEACHER;

–3、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。
SELECT * FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE BETWEEN 60 AND 80;

–4、 查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。
SELECT * FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE IN (85, 86, 88);

–5、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
SELECT * FROM STUDENT
WHERE CLASS = ‘95031’ OR SSEX = ‘女’;

–6、 以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
SELECT * FROM STUDENT
ORDER BY CLASS DESC;

–7、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
SELECT * FROM SCORE
ORDER BY CNO, DEGREE DESC;

–8、 查询“95031”班的学生人数。
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM STUDENT
WHERE CLASS = ‘95031’;

–9、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。
SELECT TOP 1 * FROM SCORE
ORDER BY DEGREE DESC;

SELECT SNO,CNO,DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE=(SELECT MAX(DEGREE) FROM SCORE);

–10、查询‘3-105’号课程的平均分。
SELECT CNO, AVG(DEGREE) FROM SCORE
WHERE CNO = ‘3-105’
GROUP BY CNO;
–11、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。
SELECT CNO,AVG(DEGREE) from SCORE
WHERE CNO LIKE ‘3%’
GROUP BY CNO
HAVING COUNT(CNO) > 5;

–12、查询最低分大于70，最高分小于90的Sno列。
SELECT SNO FROM SCORE
GROUP BY SNO
HAVING
MIN(DEGREE)>70 AND MAX(DEGREE)<90;

–13、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
SELECT S.SNAME, C.CNO, SC.DEGREE FROM STUDENT AS S JOIN SCORE AS SC
ON S.SNO = SC.SNO JOIN COURSE AS C ON C.CNO = SC.CNO;

–14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
SELECT S.SNAME, C.CNAME, SC.DEGREE FROM STUDENT AS S JOIN SCORE AS SC
ON S.SNO = SC.SNO JOIN COURSE AS C ON C.CNO = SC.CNO;

SELECT S.SNAME, C.CNAME, SC.DEGREE FROM STUDENT AS S CROSS JOIN SCORE AS SC CROSS JOIN COURSE AS C
WHERE S.SNO = SC.SNO AND C.CNO = SC.CNO;

–15、查询“95033”班所选课程的平均分。
SELECT MAX(S.CLASS), AVG(SC.DEGREE) AVG_SC FROM STUDENT AS S JOIN SCORE AS SC
ON S.SNO = SC.SNO
WHERE S.CLASS = ‘95033’;

–16、假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：
create table grade(low number(3,0),upp number(3),rank char(1));
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’);
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’);
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’);
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’);
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’);
commit;
–现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。
SELECT SNO, CNO, [RANK] FROM SCORE CROSS JOIN GRADE

;
SELECT A.SNO,A.CNO,B.RANK FROM SCORE A CROSS JOIN GRADE B WHERE A.DEGREE BETWEEN B.LOW AND B.UPP

ORDER BY RANK;
–17、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
SELECT A.* FROM SCORE A JOIN SCORE B ON A.CNO=’3-105’ AND A.DEGREE>B.DEGREE AND
B.SNO=’109’ AND B.CNO=’3-105’;

SELECT A.* FROM SCORE A WHERE A.CNO=’3-105’ AND A.DEGREE>ALL(SELECT DEGREE FROM
SCORE B WHERE B.SNO=’109’ AND B.CNO=’3-105’);

–18、查询score中选学一门以上课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
SELECT * FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE < (SELECT MAX(DEGREE) FROM SCORE HAVING COUNT(CNO)>1
);

–19、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
SELECT * FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE >ALL
(SELECT DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE SNO = ‘109’ AND CNO = ‘3-105’ );

–20、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
SELECT SNO, SNAME, SBIRTHDAY AGE FROM STUDENT WHERE YEAR(SBIRTHDAY) =
(SELECT YEAR(SBIRTHDAY) FROM STUDENT WHERE SNO = ‘108’);

–21、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。
SELECT S.SNO, S.SNAME, SC.CNO, SC.DEGREE FROM TEACHER AS T LEFT JOIN COURSE AS C
ON T.TNO = C.TNO LEFT JOIN SCORE AS SC ON SC.CNO = C.CNO LEFT JOIN STUDENT AS S
ON S.SNO = SC.SNO
WHERE T.TNAME = ‘张旭’;

select cno,sno,degree from score where cno=(select x.cno from course x,teacher y
where x.tno=y.tno and y.tname=’张旭’);

–22、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
SELECT MAX(A.TNAME)AS TNAME FROM TEACHER A JOIN COURSE B
ON A.TNO = B.TNO JOIN SCORE C ON A.TNO=B.TNO AND B.CNO=C.CNO
GROUP BY C.CNO HAVING COUNT(C.CNO)>5;

select tname from teacher where tno in(select x.tno
from course x,score y
where x.cno=y.cno group by x.tno having count(x.tno)>5);

–23、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE CLASS = ‘95033’
UNION
SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE CLASS = ‘95031’;
–24、查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
select sno, cno, DEGREE from SCORE
where DEGREE > 85;
–25、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
SELECT SC.SNO, SC.CNO,t.DEPART, SC.DEGREE FROM TEACHER AS T LEFT JOIN COURSE AS C
ON T.TNO = C.TNO LEFT JOIN SCORE AS SC ON C.CNO = SC.CNO
WHERE T.DEPART = ‘计算机系’;

SELECT * from score where cno in (select a.cno from course a join teacher b on
a.tno=b.tno and b.depart=’计算机系’);

–26、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。
SELECT TNAME, PROF FROM TEACHER WHERE DEPART= ‘计算机系’ AND PROF NOT IN
(SELECT PROF FROM TEACHER WHERE DEPART = ‘电子工程系’)

–27、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
SELECT CNO, SNO, DEGREE FROM SCORE
WHERE CNO = ‘3-105’ AND DEGREE >ALL
(SELECT DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE CNO = ‘3-245’)
ORDER BY DEGREE DESC;

–28、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.
SELECT * FROM SCORE
WHERE CNO= ‘3-105’ AND DEGREE>ALL
(SELECT DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE CNO=’3-245’)
ORDER BY DEGREE DESC;

–29、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
SELECT TNAME name, TSEX sex, TBIRTHDAY birth FROM TEACHER
UNION
SELECT SNAME , SSEX, SBIRTHDAY FROM STUDENT;

–30、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
SELECT TNAME name, TSEX sex, TBIRTHDAY birth FROM TEACHER WHERE TSEX = ‘女’
UNION
SELECT SNAME , SSEX, SBIRTHDAY FROM STUDENT WHERE SSEX = ‘女’;

–31、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
SELECT S.SNO, S.SNAME, C.CNAME, C.CNO, SC.DEGREE AS avg_degree
FROM STUDENT AS S FULL JOIN SCORE AS SC
ON S.SNO = SC.SNO FULL JOIN COURSE AS C ON SC.CNO = C.CNO
WHERE SC.DEGREE < (SELECT AVG(DEGREE) FROM SCORE where sc.CNO = c.CNO)
order by avg_degree;

SELECT A.* FROM SCORE A WHERE DEGREE<
(SELECT AVG(DEGREE) FROM SCORE B WHERE A.CNO=B.CNO)
order by DEGREE ;

–32、查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.
SELECT TNAME, DEPART FROM TEACHER WHERE TNO IN
(SELECT TNO FROM COURSE );

SELECT TNAME, DEPART FROM TEACHER T INNER JOIN COURSE C
ON T.TNO = C.TNO

–33 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
SELECT TNAME, DEPART FROM TEACHER T WHERE NOT EXISTS
(SELECT CNAME FROM COURSE AS C WHERE T.TNO = C.TNO);

SELECT TNAME,DEPART FROM TEACHER WHERE TNO NOT IN (SELECT TNO FROM COURSE);

–34、查询至少有2名男生的班号。
SELECT SNAME, CLASS FROM STUDENT WHERE CLASS IN
(SELECT class from student WHERE SSEX = ‘男’
GROUP BY CLASS
HAVING COUNT(SSEX) > 1);

SELECT CLASS FROM STUDENT A WHERE SSEX=’男’
GROUP BY CLASS
HAVING COUNT(SSEX)>1;

–35、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE SNAME NOT IN
(SELECT SNAME FROM STUDENT WHERE SNAME LIKE ‘王%’)

SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE SNAME NOT LIKE ‘王%’;
–36、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
SELECT SNAME, YEAR(SBIRTHDAY)AS AGE FROM STUDENT;

–37、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
SELECT YEAR(MIN(A.SBIRTHDAY)) AS 最小年龄, YEAR(MAX(B.SBIRTHDAY)) AS 最大年龄
FROM STUDENT A ,STUDENT B

–38、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
SELECT SNO, SNAME, SSEX, YEAR(SBIRTHDAY) AS AGE, CLASS
FROM STUDENT
ORDER BY CLASS DESC, SBIRTHDAY;

–39、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。
SELECT T.TNAME, C.CNAME FROM TEACHER AS T JOIN COURSE AS C
ON T.TNO = C.TNO WHERE TSEX = ‘男’

–40、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
SELECT TOP 1 sno, cno, DEGREE FROM SCORE
ORDER BY DEGREE DESC;

SELECT SNO, CNO, DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE =
(SELECT MAX(DEGREE) FROM SCORE);
–41、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
SELECT SNAME, SSEX FROM STUDENT WHERE SSEX =
(SELECT SSEX FROM STUDENT WHERE SNAME = ‘李军’)

–42、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
SELECT SNAME, CLASS FROM Student a WHERE SSEX =
(SELECT SSEX FROM STUDENT b WHERE b.SNAME = ‘李军’)
AND CLASS= (SELECT CLASS FROM STUDENT c WHERE c.SNAME = ‘李军’);

–43、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表
SELECT s.SNO AS [学号], S.SNAME AS [姓名], S.SSEX AS [性别], S.SBIRTHDAY AS [生日],
S.CLASS AS [班级编号], c.cno AS [课程编号], c.cname AS [课程名称], sc.degree AS [分数]
FROM STUDENT AS S LEFT JOIN SCORE AS SC
ON S.SNO = SC.SNO RIGHT JOIN COURSE AS C
ON SC.CNO = C.CNO
WHERE S.SSEX = ‘男’
AND C.CNAME= ‘计算机导论’

–44、查询本周过生日的学生
SELECT * FROM STUDENT
WHERE DATEDIFF(WEEK, DATENAME(YEAR, GETDATE()) +
RIGHT (CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), SBIRTHDAY, 120), 6),
GETDATE()) = 0;
–45、查询下周过生日的学生
SELECT * FROM STUDENT
WHERE DATEDIFF(WEEK, DATENAME(YEAR, GETDATE()) +
RIGHT (CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), SBIRTHDAY, 120), 6),
GETDATE()) = -1;

–46、查询本月过生日的学生
SELECT * FROM STUDENT
WHERE DATEDIFF(MONTH, DATENAME(YEAR, GETDATE()) +
RIGHT (CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), SBIRTHDAY, 120), 6),
GETDATE())= 0;

–47、查询下月过生日的学生
SELECT * FROM STUDENT
WHERE DATEDIFF(MONTH, DATENAME(YEAR, GETDATE()) +
RIGHT (CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), SBIRTHDAY, 120), 6),
GETDATE()) = -1;