Json与Gson

一、json简介：

数据结构：
	Object、Array
基本类型：
	string、number、true、false、null、

二、json数据解析

1、创建maven项目、引入依赖：

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.json</groupId>
 <artifactId>json</artifactId>
 <version>20160810</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
 <version>2.4</version>
</dependency>

2、json数据格式、包括基本数据类型：

{
  "name":"link",
  "age":23,
  "birthday":"1995-8-21",
  "school":"xian",
  "major":["计算机","化工"],
  "has_girlfriend":false,
  "car":null
 }

3、转换为json格式的几种方法：

• 直接存储数据到JSONObject对象：

   private static void JSONObject() throws JSONException{
     JSONObject w=new JSONObject();
     Object nullobj=null;
     w.put("name", "link");
     w.put("age", 23);
     w.put("birthday", "1995-8-21");
     w.put("school", "xian");
     w.put("major", new String[]{"计算机","化工"});
     w.put("has_girlfriend", false);
     w.put("car", nullobj);
     System.out.println(w.toString());
    }
  

• 将Map型数据通过JSONObject转换：

  private static void createJsonByMap(){
   Map<String,Object> w=new HashMap<String,Object>();
    w.put("name", "link");
  w.put("age", 23);
  w.put("birthday", "1995-8-21");
    w.put("school", "xian");
   w.put("major", new String[]{"计算机","化工"});
   w.put("has_girlfriend", false);
   w.put("car", null);  
   System.out.println(new JSONObject(w));
   }	 
  

• 将Bean类型的通过JSONObject转换：

    创建Bean：
    public class ObjectBean {
    	 private String name;
    	 private String school;
    	 private boolean has_girlfriend;
    	 private int age;
    	 private Object car;
    	private String[] major;
    	private String birthday;
    }
    private static void createJsonByBean(){
    	 ObjectBean w=new ObjectBean();
    	 w.setAge(23);
    	 w.setBirthday("1995-8-21");
    	 w.setCar(null);
    	 w.setHas_girlfriend(false);
    	 w.setMajor(new String[]{"计算机","化工"});
    	 w.setName("link");
    	 w.setSchool("xian");
    	 System.out.println(new JSONObject(w));
     }
  

• 从文件中读取数据通过JSONObject转换：

   文件w.json:
   {
    "name":"link",
     "age":23,
    "birthday":"1995-8-21",
     "school":"xian",
     "major":["计算机","化工"],
     "has_girlfriend":false,
     "car":null
    }
    private static void createJsonByReadfile() throws IOException{
     File file=
     new File(JsonObjectSimple.class.getResource("/w.json").getFile());
     String content=FileUtils.readFileToString(file);  
     JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject(content); 
   	 if(!jsonObject.isNull("name")){
   	     System.out.println("name:"+jsonObject.getString("name"));
      }
    JSONArray majar=jsonObject.getJSONArray("major");
   	System.out.println(majar);
    }
  

三、gson数据解析：

1、引入依赖：

 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
 <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
 <version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>

2、gson转换：

• 将Bean类型的通过Gson转换：

    public void gsonObjectByBean(){
      ObjectBean w=new ObjectBean();
      w.setAge(23);
      w.setBirthday("1995-8-21");
      w.setCar(null);
      w.setHas_girlfriend(false);
      w.setMajor(new String[]{"计算机","化工"});
      w.setName("link");
      w.setSchool("xian");
      w.setIgnore("minmin"); 
      /**
       *  //重命名方式1：
       * @SerializedName("NAME")
       * private String name;
       * 
       *  方式2如下：  
       */  
      GsonBuilder gsonBuilder=new GsonBuilder();
      gsonBuilder.setPrettyPrinting();
      gsonBuilder.setFieldNamingStrategy(new FieldNamingStrategy() {
       @Override
       public String translateName(Field f) {
        if(f.getName().equals("name")){
         return "NAME";
        }
        return f.getName();
       }
      });
      Gson gson1=gsonBuilder.create();
      System.out.println(gson1.toJson(w));
      //通过Gson直接转换
      Gson gson=new Gson();
      System.out.println(gson.toJson(w));
     }
  

• 读取json文件的通过Gson转换为Bean：

    public void gsonToBeanByReadJson() throws IOException{
      File file=
      new File(GsonCreateSimple.class.getResource("/w.json").getFile());
      String content=FileUtils.readFileToString(file); 
      Gson gson=new Gson();
      //json文件转为bean
      ObjectBean w=gson.fromJson(content, ObjectBean.class);
      //重写toString()
      System.out.println(w);
     }
  

  • 读取json文件的通过Gson转换为Bean（带有Date类型的Bean）：
    修改Bean：private Date birthday;

      public void gsonReadDate() throws IOException{
        File file=
        new File(GsonCreateSimple.class.getResource("/w.json").getFile());
        String content=FileUtils.readFileToString(file); 
        Gson gson=
        new GsonBuilder().setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").create();
        ObjectBean1 w=gson.fromJson(content, ObjectBean1.class);
        System.out.println(w.getBirthday().toLocaleString());
        
       }
    

  • 自动解析带有集合类型的Bean：
    private List major;
    private Set major;

      File file=
      new File(GsonCreateSimple.class.getResource("/w.json").getFile());
       String content=FileUtils.readFileToString(file); 
      ObjectBean1 w=gson.fromJson(content, ObjectBean1.class);
       //集合类型List、Set
      System.out.println(w.getMajor());