Template Method
模板方法定义了一个算法的步骤,并允许子类为一个或多个步骤提供实现.
它是一个骨架,在框架的设计中多用此设计模式.
对模板方法进行挂钩:
钩子是一种被声明在抽象类中的方法,但只有空的或者默认的实现.钩子的存在,
可以让子灰有能力对算法的不同点进行挂钩.要不要挂钩,由子类自行决定.
好莱坞原则:
高层组件对低层组件的方式是"别调用我们,我们会调用你".
对模板方法使用钩子:
模板方法定义了一个算法的步骤,并允许子类为一个或多个步骤提供实现.
它是一个骨架,在框架的设计中多用此设计模式.
对模板方法进行挂钩:
钩子是一种被声明在抽象类中的方法,但只有空的或者默认的实现.钩子的存在,
可以让子灰有能力对算法的不同点进行挂钩.要不要挂钩,由子类自行决定.
好莱坞原则:
高层组件对低层组件的方式是"别调用我们,我们会调用你".
public abstract class CaffeineBeverage {
//不希望子类覆盖此方法,声明为final
final void prepareRecipe() {
boilWater();
brew();
pourInCup();
addCondiments();
}
abstract void brew();
abstract void addCondiments();
void boilWater() {
System.out.println("Boiling water");
}
void pourInCup() {
System.out.println("Pouring into cup");
}
}
public class Tea extends CaffeineBeverage {
public void brew() {
System.out.println("Steeping the tea");
}
public void addCondiments() {
System.out.println("Adding Lemon");
}
}
public class Coffee extends CaffeineBeverage {
public void brew() {
System.out.println("Dripping Coffee through filter");
}
public void addCondiments() {
System.out.println("Adding Sugar and Milk");
}
}
对模板方法使用钩子:
public abstract class CaffeineBeverageWithHook {
void prepareRecipe() {
boilWater();
brew();
pourInCup();
if (customerWantsCondiments()) {
addCondiments();
}
}
abstract void brew();
abstract void addCondiments();
void boilWater() {
System.out.println("Boiling water");
}
void pourInCup() {
System.out.println("Pouring into cup");
}
boolean customerWantsCondiments() {
return true;
}
}
import java.io.*;
public class CoffeeWithHook extends CaffeineBeverageWithHook {
public void brew() {
System.out.println("Dripping Coffee through filter");
}
public void addCondiments() {
System.out.println("Adding Sugar and Milk");
}
public boolean customerWantsCondiments() {
String answer = getUserInput();
if (answer.toLowerCase().startsWith("y")) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
private String getUserInput() {
String answer = null;
System.out.print("Would you like milk and sugar with your coffee (y/n)? ");
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
try {
answer = in.readLine();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
System.err.println("IO error trying to read your answer");
}
if (answer == null) {
return "no";
}
return answer;
}
}