命令模式

[size=large][color=red]命令模式:将"请求"封闭成对象,以便使用不同的请求,队列或者日志来参数化其他对象.
命令模式也支持可撤销的损伤.
1.命令模式将发出请求的对象和执行请求的对象解耦.
2.在被解耦的两者之间是通过命令对象进行沟通的.命令对象封装了接收者和一个或一组动作.
3.调用者通过调用命令对象的execute()发出请求,这会使得接收者的动作被调用.
4.调用者可以接受命令当做参数,甚至在运行时动态地进行.
5.命令可以支持撤销,做法是实现一个undo()方法来回到execute()被执行前的状态.
6.宏命令是命令的一种简单的延伸,允许调用多个命令.宏方法也可以支持撤销.
7.实际操作时,很常见使用"聪明"命令对象,也就是直接实现了请求,而不是将工作委托给接收者.
8.命令也可以用来实现日志和事务系统. [/color][/size]

package headfirst.command.remote; 

import java.util.*; 

// 
// This is the invoker 
// 
public class RemoteControl { 
Command[] onCommands; 
Command[] offCommands; 

public RemoteControl() { 
onCommands = new Command[7]; 
offCommands = new Command[7]; 

Command noCommand = new NoCommand(); 
for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) { 
onCommands[i] = noCommand; 
offCommands[i] = noCommand; 
} 
} 

public void setCommand(int slot, Command onCommand, Command offCommand) { 
onCommands[slot] = onCommand; 
offCommands[slot] = offCommand; 
} 

public void onButtonWasPushed(int slot) { 
onCommands[slot].execute(); 
} 

public void offButtonWasPushed(int slot) { 
offCommands[slot].execute(); 
} 

public String toString() { 
StringBuffer stringBuff = new StringBuffer(); 
stringBuff.append("\n------ Remote Control -------\n"); 
for (int i = 0; i < onCommands.length; i++) { 
stringBuff.append("[slot " + i + "] " + onCommands[i].getClass().getName() 
+ "    " + offCommands[i].getClass().getName() + "\n"); 
} 
return stringBuff.toString(); 
} 
}

 
package headfirst.command.remote; 

public class LightOffCommand implements Command { 
Light light; 

public LightOffCommand(Light light) { 
this.light = light; 
} 

public void execute() { 
light.off(); 
} 
} 

[code="java"]
package headfirst.command.remote;

public class StereoOnWithCDCommand implements Command {
Stereo stereo;

public StereoOnWithCDCommand(Stereo stereo) {
this.stereo = stereo;
}

public void execute() {
stereo.on();
stereo.setCD();
stereo.setVolume(11);
}
}


package headfirst.command.remote;

public class RemoteLoader {

public static void main(String[] args) {
RemoteControl remoteControl = new RemoteControl();

Light livingRoomLight = new Light("Living Room");
Light kitchenLight = new Light("Kitchen");
CeilingFan ceilingFan= new CeilingFan("Living Room");
GarageDoor garageDoor = new GarageDoor("");
Stereo stereo = new Stereo("Living Room");

LightOnCommand livingRoomLightOn =
new LightOnCommand(livingRoomLight);
LightOffCommand livingRoomLightOff =
new LightOffCommand(livingRoomLight);
LightOnCommand kitchenLightOn =
new LightOnCommand(kitchenLight);
LightOffCommand kitchenLightOff =
new LightOffCommand(kitchenLight);

CeilingFanOnCommand ceilingFanOn =
new CeilingFanOnCommand(ceilingFan);
CeilingFanOffCommand ceilingFanOff =
new CeilingFanOffCommand(ceilingFan);

GarageDoorUpCommand garageDoorUp =
new GarageDoorUpCommand(garageDoor);
GarageDoorDownCommand garageDoorDown =
new GarageDoorDownCommand(garageDoor);

StereoOnWithCDCommand stereoOnWithCD =
new StereoOnWithCDCommand(stereo);
StereoOffCommand stereoOff =
new StereoOffCommand(stereo);

remoteControl.setCommand(0, livingRoomLightOn, livingRoomLightOff);
remoteControl.setCommand(1, kitchenLightOn, kitchenLightOff);
remoteControl.setCommand(2, ceilingFanOn, ceilingFanOff);
remoteControl.setCommand(3, stereoOnWithCD, stereoOff);

System.out.println(remoteControl);

remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(0);
remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(0);
remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(1);
remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(1);
remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(2);
remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(2);
remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(3);
remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(3);
}
}