expdp&impdp使用多个DUMPFILE

$ expdp hr SCHEMAS=hr DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1 DUMPFILE=dpump_dir2:exp1.dmp, exp2%U.dmp PARALLEL=3

指定DUMPFILE时可以指定多个文件用逗号分隔，如果未给扩展名.xxx则会自动加上.dmp，这时每个parallel进程会使用一个文件，另外如果同时指定了FILESIZE ，则dumpfile在达到指定大小时会自动切换文件。如果指定的多个文件没用完，没用的文件将废弃不用

Although it is possible to specify multiple files using the DUMPFILE parameter, the export job may only require a subset of those files to hold the exported data. The dump file set displayed at the end of the export job shows exactly which files were used. It is this list of files that is required to perform an import operation using this dump file set. Any files that were not used can be discarded.

也可以通过下面变量来指定模板文件，这样dumpfile会根据需求自动创建dumpfile文件了

Substitution Variable	Meaning
%U	The substitution variable is expanded in the resulting file names into a 2-digit, fixed-width, incrementing integer starting at 01 and ending at 99. If a file specification contains two substitution variables, both are incremented at the same time. For example, exp%Uaa%U.dmp would resolve to exp01aa01.dmp, exp02aa02.dmp, and so forth.
%d, %D	Specifies the current day of the month from the Gregorian calendar in format DD. Note: This substitution variable cannot be used in an import file name.
%m, %M	Specifies the month in the Gregorian calendar in format MM. Note: This substitution variable cannot be used in an import file name.
%t, %T	Specifies the year, month, and day in the Gregorian calendar in this format: YYYYMMDD. Note: This substitution variable cannot be used in an import file name.
%l, %L	Specifies a system-generated unique file name. The file names can contain a substitution variable (%L), which implies that multiple files may be generated. The substitution variable is expanded in the resulting file names into a 2-digit, fixed-width, incrementing integer starting at 01 and ending at 99 which is the same as (%U). In addition, the substitution variable is expanded in the resulting file names into a 3-digit to 10-digit, variable-width, incrementing integers starting at 100 and ending at 2147483646. The width field is determined by the number of digits in the integer. For example if the current integer was 1, exp%Laa%L.dmp would resolve to exp01aa01.dmp exp02aa02.dmp and so forth up until 99. Then, the next file name would have 3 digits substituted: exp100aa100.dmp exp101aa101.dmp and so forth up until 999 where the next file would have 4 digits substituted. The substitution will continue up to the largest number substitution allowed, which is 2147483646.
%y, %Y	Specifies the year in this format: YYYY. Note: This substitution variable cannot be used in an import file name.

dumpfile内有足够信息定位具体文件，dumpfile的文件名，位置以及顺序都可以与导出时不同

Sufficient information is contained within the files for Import to locate the entire set, provided the file specifications in the DUMPFILE parameter encompass the entire set. The files are not required to have the same names, locations, or order that they had at export time.

$ impdp hr DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1 DUMPFILE=dpump_dir2:exp1.dmp, exp2%U.dmp