Java缺陷"域于静态方法"[Java编程思想]

 

class Super {
	public int field = 0;
	public int getField() {
		return field;
	}
}

class Sub extends Super {
	public int field = 1;
	public int getField() {
		return field;
	}
	public int getSuperField() {
		return super.field;
	}
}

public class FieldAccess {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Super sup = new Sub();
		System.out.println("sup.field=" + sup.field + ", sup.getField()="+sup.getField());

		Sub sub = new Sub();
		System.out.println("sub.field="	+ sub.field + ", sub.getField()="+sub.getField() + ", sub.getSuperField()="+sub.getSuperField());
	}
}

//output:
// sup.field=0, sup.getField()=1
// sub.field=0, sub.getField()=1, sub.getSuperField()=0

以上情况比较少见:通常都将所有域设置成private, 因此不能直接访问它们. 另外, 最好不要对基类中的域和导出类中的赋同样的名字

 

 

 

class StaticSuper {
	public static String staticGet() {
		return "Base staticGet()";
	}

	public String dynamicGet() {
		return "Base dynamicGet()";
	}
}

class StaticSub extends StaticSuper {
	public static String staticGet() {
		return "Derived staticGet()";
	}

	public String dynamicGet() {
		return "Derived dynamicGet()";
	}
}

public class StaticPolymorphism {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		StaticSuper sup = new StaticSub();
		System.out.println(sup.staticGet());
		System.out.println(sup.dynamicGet());
	}
}
//output:
//Base staticGet()
//Derived dynamicGet()

 

如果某个方法时静态的, 它的行为就不具有多态性. 以上情况也不多见, 因为一般不通过实例调用静态方法.