1. 概述
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。简而言之:
1) Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
2) Feign 整合了ribbon,具有负载均衡的能力
3) 整合了Hystrix,具有熔断的能力
2. 步骤
本章还会使用到服务注册《服务注册部署》和服务提供方《服务提供方》请参照对应章节
2.1 新建工程
新建一个maven的module工程,名称为service-feign,父亲pom为springcloud。需要引入eureka-client、openfeign、starter-web的jar包,Pom文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.lin</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.lin</groupId>
<artifactId>service-feign</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>service-feign</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2 配置文件application
建立一个resources文件夹,在其下面新建一个application.yml文件,配置如下:
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8765
spring:
application:
name: service-feign
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true //feign开启hystrix支持
2.3 启动类
新建一个启动类ServiceFeignApplication.java。用于启动服务消费方,同时注册到eureka中。代码如下:
package org.service.feign;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ServiceFeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run( ServiceFeignApplication.class, args );
}
}
2.4 feign接口
定义一个feign接口SchedualServiceHi.java,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口,代码如下:
package org.service.feign;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
2.5服务测试类
通过web的controler层暴露一个url服务HiController.java,可以从网页打开,此服务通过feign访问服务提供方。
package org.service.feign;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HiController {
//编译器报错,无视。 因为这个Bean是在程序启动的时候注入的,编译器感知不到,所以报错。
@Autowired
SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
@GetMapping(value = "/hi")
public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name) {
return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne( name );
}
}
本文参考文献:https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70148833/