PHP MySQL example: image gallery (blob-storage)
| abstract |
This is a simple example of
photo-gallery script, which uses
MySQL table (
BLOB field) to store images. Trivial password-protection, uploading and deleting images are supported. For Apache-version of PHP there is advanced browser-caching support (using If-Modified-Since header).
| compatible |
- PHP 4.3.0 or higher
- PHP 5
There are three notable parts of the script:
- main page generation --
generates HTML code for the list of uploaded photos, forms for photo deletion and uploading
- image uploading --
processes POST request: checks password, uploads photo to database or deletes it
- image showing --
Fetches image information from MySQL database and sends image do browser.If PHP is installed as mod_php (for Apache), does If-Modified-Since HTTP header checking.
Image gallery example uses following table to store all of its data:
source code: MySQL / SQL
CREATE TABLE `ae_gallery` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `title` varchar(64) character SET utf8 NOT NULL, `ext` varchar(8) character SET utf8 NOT NULL, `image_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, `data` mediumblob NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) );
You can use any name for this table, just change $table variable at the begining of the image gallery code.
We use following functions in this example:
MySQL
- mysql_connect - connects to MySQL server
- mysql_select_db - select database
- mysql_query - send query
- mysql_fetch_row - get current row from result table
- mysql_real_escape_string - escaping string to use it in MySQL query
- mysql_num_fields - get number of rows
- get_magic_quotes_gpc - checking if PHP add slashes before quotes in input parameters
- stripslashes - remove odd slashes
- trim - remove unnecessary spaces in the beginning and ending of string
- getimagesize - return image information as an array. Third element of array -- image type.
- file_get_contents - loads whole file into memory
- php_sapi_name - returns the name of PHP Server API
- apache_request_headers - gets some special header information from Apache
- strtotime - convert textual representation of time to integer (number of seconds since 1970)
- header - sends HTTP header to browser
You can get help on this functions typing "php function-name" in any good search engine
Before using following example create sql-table (execute CREATE TABLE query above) andchange variables ($db_host, $db_user, $db_pwd, $database, $table) to your MySQL / database settings.
source code: php
<?php
$db_host = 'localhost'; // don't forget to change
$db_user = 'mysql-user';
$db_pwd = 'mysql-password';
$database = 'test';
$table = 'ae_gallery';
// use the same name as SQL table
$password = '123';
// simple upload restriction,
// to disallow uploading to everyone
if (!mysql_connect($db_host, $db_user, $db_pwd))
die("Can't connect to database");
if (!mysql_select_db($database))
die("Can't select database");
// This function makes usage of
// $_GET, $_POST, etc... variables
// completly safe in SQL queries
function sql_safe($s)
{
if (get_magic_quotes_gpc())
$s = stripslashes($s);
return mysql_real_escape_string($s);
}
// If user pressed submit in one of the forms
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST')
{
// cleaning title field
$title = trim(sql_safe($_POST['title']));
if ($title == '') // if title is not set
$title = '(empty title)';// use (empty title) string
if ($_POST['password'] != $password) // cheking passwors
$msg = 'Error: wrong upload password';
else
{
if (isset($_FILES['photo']))
{
@list(, , $imtype, ) = getimagesize($_FILES['photo']['tmp_name']);
// Get image type.
// We use @ to omit errors
if ($imtype == 3) // cheking image type
$ext="png"; // to use it later in HTTP headers
elseif ($imtype == 2)
$ext="jpeg";
elseif ($imtype == 1)
$ext="gif";
else
$msg = 'Error: unknown file format';
if (!isset($msg)) // If there was no error
{
$data = file_get_contents($_FILES['photo']['tmp_name']);
$data = mysql_real_escape_string($data);
// Preparing data to be used in MySQL query
mysql_query("INSERT INTO {$table}
SET ext='$ext', title='$title',
data='$data'");
$msg = 'Success: image uploaded';
}
}
elseif (isset($_GET['title'])) // isset(..title) needed
$msg = 'Error: file not loaded';// to make sure we've using
// upload form, not form
// for deletion
if (isset($_POST['del'])) // If used selected some photo to delete
{ // in 'uploaded images form';
$id = intval($_POST['del']);
mysql_query("DELETE FROM {$table} WHERE id=$id");
$msg = 'Photo deleted';
}
}
}
elseif (isset($_GET['show']))
{
$id = intval($_GET['show']);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT ext, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(image_time), data
FROM {$table}
WHERE id=$id LIMIT 1");
if (mysql_num_rows($result) == 0)
die('no image');
list($ext, $image_time, $data) = mysql_fetch_row($result);
$send_304 = false;
if (php_sapi_name() == 'apache') {
// if our web server is apache
// we get check HTTP
// If-Modified-Since header
// and do not send image
// if there is a cached version
$ar = apache_request_headers();
if (isset($ar['If-Modified-Since']) && // If-Modified-Since should exists
($ar['If-Modified-Since'] != '') && // not empty
(strtotime($ar['If-Modified-Since']) >= $image_time)) // and grater than
$send_304 = true; // image_time
}
if ($send_304)
{
// Sending 304 response to browser
// "Browser, your cached version of image is OK
// we're not sending anything new to you"
header('Last-Modified: '.gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', $ts).' GMT', true, 304);
exit(); // bye-bye
}
// outputing Last-Modified header
header('Last-Modified: '.gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', $image_time).' GMT',
true, 200);
// Set expiration time +1 year
// We do not have any photo re-uploading
// so, browser may cache this photo for quite a long time
header('Expires: '.gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s', $image_time + 86400*365).' GMT',
true, 200);
// outputing HTTP headers
header('Content-Length: '.strlen($data));
header("Content-type: image/{$ext}");
// outputing image
echo $data;
exit();
}
?>
<html><head>
<title>MySQL Blob Image Gallery Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
if (isset($msg)) // this is special section for
// outputing message
{
?>
<p style="font-weight: bold;"><?=$msg?>
<br>
<a href="<?=$PHP_SELF?>">reload page</a>
<!-- I've added reloading link, because
refreshing POST queries is not good idea -->
</p>
<?php
}
?>
<h1>Blob image gallery</h1>
<h2>Uploaded images:</h2>
<form action="<?=$PHP_SELF?>" method="post">
<!-- This form is used for image deletion -->
<?php
$result = mysql_query("SELECT id, image_time, title FROM {$table} ORDER BY id DESC");
if (mysql_num_rows($result) == 0) // table is empty
echo '<ul><li>No images loaded</li></ul>';
else
{
echo '<ul>';
while(list($id, $image_time, $title) = mysql_fetch_row($result))
{
// outputing list
echo "<li><input type='radio' name='del' value='{$id}'>";
echo "<a href='{$PHP_SELF}?show={$id}'>{$title}</a> – ";
echo "<small>{$image_time}</small></li>";
}
echo '</ul>';
echo '<label for="password">Password:</label><br>';
echo '<input type="password" name="password" id="password"><br><br>';
echo '<input type="submit" value="Delete selected">';
}
?>
</form>
<h2>Upload new image:</h2>
<form action="<?=$PHP_SELF?>" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label for="title">Title:</label><br>
<input type="text" name="title" id="title" size="64"><br><br>
<label for="photo">Photo:</label><br>
<input type="file" name="photo" id="photo"><br><br>
<label for="password">Password:</label><br>
<input type="password" name="password" id="password"><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="upload">
</form>
</body>
</html>
| warning |
- By default, PHP does not allow uploading files larger than 2Mb. Uploading of large photos fail if you will not change upload-max-filesize and post-max-size directives.
- Don't forget to change default password, or use some other authentication method.
| tested |
- FreeBSD 5.2 :: PHP 5.1.4
- Linux CentOS 4.0 :: PHP 4.4.4
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