初始化一个可用的docker ubuntu系统镜像

//创建容器
docker run -itd --name=test ubuntu:20.04 /bin/bash

//进入容器test
docker exec -it test bash

//更新软件列表(update)和更新软件(upgrade)
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade


//安装必备软件
apt-get install vim net-tools iputils-ping telnet lsof wget systemd gcc automake autoconf libtool make

//安装中文字符集
apt-get install language-pack-zh-han*

echo "LANG=\"语言_所在地.字符集\"
LANG=\"zh_CN.UTF-8\"
LANGUAGE=\"zh_CN:zh\"
LC_NUMERIC=\"zh_CN\"
LC_TIME=\"zh_CN\"
LC_MONETARY=\"zh_CN\"
LC_PAPER=\"zh_CN\"
LC_NAME=\"zh_CN\"
LC_ADDRESS=\"zh_CN\"
LC_TELEPHONE=\"zh_CN\"
LC_MEASUREMENT=\"zh_CN\"
LC_IDENTIFICATION=\"zh_CN\"
LC_ALL=\"zh_CN.UTF-8\"">/etc/default/locale

echo "LANG=\"zh_CN.UTF-8\"
export LANG">>/etc/profile


//建立软连接
ln -s /usr/lib/systemd/systemd /usr/sbin/init

//解决source: not found
dpkg-reconfigure dash
输入no

//退出容器test
exit

//将容器test导出为文件gateway.tar
docker export test>gateway.tar

//删除容器test
docker rm -f test

//将gateway.tar导入为镜像gateway:1.0
cat gateway.tar|docker import - gateway:1.0

//删除镜像ubuntu:20.04
docker rmi -f ubuntu:20.04

//创建容器gateway
docker run -itd --name=gateway --privileged=true gateway:1.0 /usr/sbin/init

//进入容器gateway
docker exec -it gateway bash