javaweb项目登录注册界面验证码动态生成展示

前端html代码如下

<img class="header-code" src="/validateCode" width="50" height="24">

对应后端controller接口如下

 /**
     * 获取验证码
     * @param session
     * @param response
     */
    @RequestMapping("validateCode")
    public void validateCode(HttpSession session, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        try {
            response.reset();
            // 设置响应的类型格式为图片格式
            response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
            //禁止图像缓存。
            response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
            String code = VerifyCodeUtils.generateVerifyCode(4);
            session.setMaxInactiveInterval(60*60*3);
            session.setAttribute("code", code);
            VerifyCodeUtils.outputImage(200,80,response.getOutputStream(),code);
            response.flushBuffer();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("出现异常! 操作失败! 异常信息: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

使用utils如下

package com.ig.common.util;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VerifyCodeUtils{

   //使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话需要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符
   public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789";
   private static Random random = new Random();


   /**
    * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
    * @param verifySize   验证码长度
    * @return
    */
   public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize){
      return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
   }
   /**
    * 使用指定源生成验证码
    * @param verifySize   验证码长度
    * @param sources  验证码字符源
    * @return
    */
   public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources){
      if(sources == null || sources.length() == 0){
         sources = VERIFY_CODES;
      }
      int codesLen = sources.length();
      Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
      StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
      for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){
         verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen-1)));
      }
      return verifyCode.toString();
   }

   /**
    * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值
    * @param w
    * @param h
    * @param outputFile
    * @param verifySize
    * @return
    * @throws IOException
    */
   public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException{
      String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
      outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
      return verifyCode;
   }

   /**
    * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值
    * @param w
    * @param h
    * @param os
    * @param verifySize
    * @return
    * @throws IOException
    */
   public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException{
      String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
      outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
      return verifyCode;
   }

   /**
    * 生成指定验证码图像文件
    * @param w
    * @param h
    * @param outputFile
    * @param code
    * @throws IOException
    */
   public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException{
      if(outputFile == null){
         return;
      }
      File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
      if(!dir.exists()){
         dir.mkdirs();
      }
      try{
         outputFile.createNewFile();
         FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
         outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
         fos.close();
      } catch(IOException e){
         throw e;
      }
   }

   /**
    * 输出指定验证码图片流
    * @param w
    * @param h
    * @param os
    * @param code
    * @throws IOException
    */
   public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException{
      int verifySize = code.length();
      BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
      Random rand = new Random();
      Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
      g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
      Color[] colors = new Color[5];
      Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
            Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
            Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };
      float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
      for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){
         colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
         fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
      }
      Arrays.sort(fractions);

      g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色
      g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);

      Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
      g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色
      g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4);

      //绘制干扰线
      Random random = new Random();
      g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色
      for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
         int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
         int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
         int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
         int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
         g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
      }

      // 添加噪点
      float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率
      int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
      for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
         int x = random.nextInt(w);
         int y = random.nextInt(h);
         int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
         image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
      }

      shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲

      g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
      int fontSize = h-4;
      Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
      g2.setFont(font);
      char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
      for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){
         AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
         affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2);
         g2.setTransform(affine);
         g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10);
      }

      g2.dispose();
      ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
      //注意看以下几句的使用
      os.flush();
      os.close();
      os=null;
   }

   private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
      if (fc > 255)
         fc = 255;
      if (bc > 255)
         bc = 255;
      int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
      int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
      int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
      return new Color(r, g, b);
   }

   private static int getRandomIntColor() {
      int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
      int color = 0;
      for (int c : rgb) {
         color = color << 8;
         color = color | c;
      }
      return color;
   }

   private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
      int[] rgb = new int[3];
      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
         rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
      }
      return rgb;
   }

   private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
      shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
      shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
   }

   private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

      int period = random.nextInt(2);

      boolean borderGap = true;
      int frames = 1;
      int phase = random.nextInt(2);

      for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
         double d = (double) (period >> 1)
               * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
               + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
               / (double) frames);
         g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
         if (borderGap) {
            g.setColor(color);
            g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
            g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
         }
      }

   }

   private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {

      int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;

      boolean borderGap = true;
      int frames = 20;
      int phase = 7;
      for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
         double d = (double) (period >> 1)
               * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
               + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
               / (double) frames);
         g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
         if (borderGap) {
            g.setColor(color);
            g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
            g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
         }

      }

   }