Hibernate入门
1. 什么是hibernate?
ORM框架/持久层框架(object reference mapping)
就是通过管理对象来操作数据库
怎么通过对象来操作数据库
将数据库的表名,列名,主键以及属性全部配置进配置文件中,然后通过映射去进行一系列的操作,然后达到通过管理对象来操作数据库的操作
eg:hibernate简单的增删查改
hibernate.cfg.xml
用来连接数据库的,一般不用记,可以copy
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 1. 数据库相关 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">123</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 配置本地事务(No CurrentSessionContext configured!) -->
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- 2. 调试相关 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 3. 添加实体映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="com/zking/one/entity/User.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
user实体类
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3363120264501521428L;
private Integer id;
private String userName;
private String userPwd;
private String realName;
private String sex;
private java.sql.Date birthday;
private java.sql.Timestamp createDatetime;
private String remark;
public User() {
super();
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getUserPwd() {
return userPwd;
}
public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
this.userPwd = userPwd;
}
public String getRealName() {
return realName;
}
public void setRealName(String realName) {
this.realName = realName;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public java.sql.Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(java.sql.Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public java.sql.Timestamp getCreateDatetime() {
return createDatetime;
}
public void setCreateDatetime(java.sql.Timestamp createDatetime) {
this.createDatetime = createDatetime;
}
public String getRemark() {
return remark;
}
public void setRemark(String remark) {
this.remark = remark;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", userName=" + userName + ", userPwd=" + userPwd + ", realName=" + realName
+ ", sex=" + sex + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", createDatetime=" + createDatetime + ", remark="
+ remark + "]";
}
}
user.hbm.xml
注意:
1、有几个实体类就写几配置文件
2、数据库有几个属性就配置几个属性,否则没配置到的就操作不了数据库的
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<!--
table:实体类对应的表明
name:实体类的全类名
-->
<class name="com.zking.one.entity.User" table="t_hibernate_user">
<!--
name:实体类的属性
type:实体类属性类型
column:指的数据库表的主键列
id标签打头:代表配置的是数据库表主键与实体类的关系。其他的
increment:自增长
-->
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer" column="id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="userName" type="java.lang.String"
column="user_name">
</property>
<property name="userPwd" type="java.lang.String"
column="user_pwd">
</property>
<property name="realName" type="java.lang.String"
column="real_name">
</property>
<property name="sex" type="java.lang.String" column="sex">
</property>
<property name="birthday" type="java.sql.Date"
column="birthday">
</property>
<property insert="false" update="false" name="createDatetime" type="java.sql.Timestamp"
column="create_datetime">
</property>
<property name="remark" type="java.lang.String"
column="remark">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
测试类test
public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/**
* 1:读取hibernate.cgf.xml文件
* 2:通过建模得到sessionfactory工厂
* 3:获取数据库操作的当前会话(session)
* 4:开启事务
* 5:具体的数据库操作
* 6:提交事务
* 7:将会话(sesson)关闭
*
*/
Configuration cfg=new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
//返回的对象包括所有的信息
SessionFactory sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//开启事务
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
//在映射过程中实体类的属性类型必须与数据库表的实体类型要保持一致。
User user=new User();
user.setUserName("哈哈");
user.setRealName("evil");
user.setUserPwd("123");
user.setSex("女");
user.setRemark("此i");
//dao层保存对象到数据库了
//增加
session.save(user);
//修改
session.update(user);
//删除
//先查出所有的id为3的学生 不需要写sql语句只需改变对象
User user=new User();
user.setId(3);
session.delete(user);
//查询( 先查再改 局部修改)
//先查出所有的id为3的学生 不需要写sql语句只需改变对象
User user = session.get(User.class, 3);
System.out.println(user.getRealName());
user.setRealName("坑三");
//结果学号为3的学生就被修改为坑三了
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
}