路由表信息和traceroute结果,我们可以分析192.168.204.154在没有添加路由和添加路由后访问192.168.102.36的数据流向
没有单独添加路由时候的数据路径
root@slurm4:/data/mengshiye/gpu_monitor# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.204.111 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 eno1
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 usb0
169.254.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 usb0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.18.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-c7bbb885dd4f
172.23.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-a44177bb3830
172.24.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-de3ba7c044dc
192.168.48.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-beb609e83cb3
192.168.80.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-e8afc0ffa9c0
192.168.96.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-7c79caa65550
192.168.112.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-623acee9fd9d
192.168.128.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-7846de4aa83d
192.168.204.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 101 0 0 eno1
192.168.224.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-7b4d1c2a1dad
root@slurm4:/data/mengshiye/gpu_monitor# traceroute 192.168.102.36
traceroute to 192.168.102.36 (192.168.102.36), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 slurm4 (192.168.96.1) 3073.626 ms !H 3073.556 ms !H 3073.552 ms !H
添加了路由后的数据流向路径
root@slurm4:/data/mengshiye/gpu_monitor# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.204.111 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 eno1
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 usb0
169.254.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 usb0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.18.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-c7bbb885dd4f
172.23.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-a44177bb3830
172.24.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 br-de3ba7c044dc
192.168.48.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-beb609e83cb3
192.168.80.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-e8afc0ffa9c0
192.168.96.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-7c79caa65550
192.168.102.0 192.168.204.111 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eno1
192.168.112.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-623acee9fd9d
192.168.128.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-7846de4aa83d
192.168.204.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 101 0 0 eno1
192.168.224.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 br-7b4d1c2a1dad
root@slurm4:/data/mengshiye/gpu_monitor# traceroute 192.168.102.36
traceroute to 192.168.102.36 (192.168.102.36), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 192.168.204.3 (192.168.204.3) 1.252 ms 1.443 ms 1.606 ms
2 192.168.230.33 (192.168.230.33) 0.484 ms 0.554 ms 0.673 ms
3 192.168.230.78 (192.168.230.78) 0.959 ms 1.411 ms 1.720 ms
4 192.168.102.36 (192.168.102.36) 0.879 ms 0.939 ms 0.934 ms
没有添加路由时的数据流向
- 192.168.204.154的路由表中没有指向192.168.102.0/24网段的路由条目。
- 当192.168.204.154尝试访问192.168.102.36时,数据包会被发送到默认网关192.168.204.111。
- traceroute结果显示,数据包在192.168.96.1就被丢弃了,并返回"!H"(主机不可达)。
这说明192.168.204.154无法通过默认网关192.168.204.111访问192.168.102.36,因为192.168.96.1(可能是交换机或路由器)无法正确路由数据包。
添加路由后的数据流向
- 在192.168.204.154上添加路由
ip route add 192.168.102.0/24 via 192.168.204.111
。 - 路由表中新增了指向192.168.102.0/24网段的路由,下一跳是192.168.204.111。
- traceroute结果显示,数据包能够成功通过192.168.204.111、192.168.230.33和192.168.230.78到达192.168.102.36。
添加路由后,192.168.204.154会将目的地为192.168.102.36的数据包发送到192.168.204.111。192.168.204.111能够正确路由到192.168.102.0/24网段,并将数据包转发到目标主机192.168.102.36。
原因分析
- 没有路由到192.168.102.0/24:在没有添加路由时,192.168.204.154无法找到到达192.168.102.36的路径。
- 添加路由后:192.168.204.154的路由表中有了指向192.168.102.0/24的明确路由,数据包能够通过192.168.204.111转发到目标网段。
- 192.168.204.111能够正确路由:192.168.204.111有指向192.168.102.0/24的路由,可以将数据包转发到192.168.102.36。