搭建服务器开发环境及java web小试牛刀

一.服务器开发所需环境

myeclipse、tomcat、mysql
1）安装myeclipse，下载地址  http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eR4UT6E

2）安装tomcat，下载地址  http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c2EIFEo 。解压后无需安装，配置到环境变量
(TOMCAT_HOME=你的tomcat所在路径 ，Path里配置%TOMCAT_HOME%\lib;%TOMCAT_HOME%\bin;)，启动
bin目录下的startup.bat,浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/回车如果看到apache页面，表示安装成
功。注意在myeclipse里要添加自己安装的这个tomcat，而不是用myeclipse里自带的；在myeclipse里的
window-->preferences-->MyEclipse-->Servers-->add-->你安装的tomcat的路径。  

3）安装mysql，下载地址  http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qY2iXbQ， 解压版mysql，解压后配置环境变量需
要配置到bin目录。然后cmd里输入net start  mysql来启动数据库。进入到数据库所在bin目录，输入mysql 
-u root -p设置密码，这个密码一定要记住，不然jdbc连接不上数据库哦。通过show databases可以查看现
有数据库，use databasename可以切换到这个数据库，show tables看表，select * from tablename查
看表数据。

到此为止，服务器所需的开发环境，运行环境已经搭建完成。接下来就是创建java web项目啦。

二.创建数据库

创建数据库good_db : create database good_db;
切换到此数据库：use good_db;
创建商品表：create table good(id int primary key not null,
goodName varchar(30),
goodNum varchar(20),
goodDate Date);
插入一条数据：insert into good values（1，
“milk”，
“20”，
“2017-04-07”）；

三.创建Java Web项目

myeclipse-->file-->new-->web service project

此项目目录下src是用来写服务器代码的。WebRoot下是html+jsp+ajax的代码用来做管理界面，通过接口查询
数据等前端代码；其中WEB-INF目录下的web.xml是用来配置接口地址和对应servlet的，非常重要。

先附上我的项目目录结构：

接下来第一步就是jdbc，直接附图便于理解。

public class DAOutils {

    private DAOutils(){};
    private static String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/good_db";
    private static String username="root";
    private static String password="数据库登陆密码";

      static{
      try{
      Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
      }catch(ClassNotFoundException e){
      throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
      }
      }
    //外部通过调用getConnInstance来获取数据库连接
    public static  Connection getConnInstance(){
        Connection conn = null;
        try {
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return conn;
    }
    public static  void release(Connection conn,java.sql.PreparedStatement pstm,ResultSet rs){
        if(conn!=null){
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(pstm!=null){
            try {
                pstm.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(rs!=null){
            try {
                rs.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

接下来就是编写servlet。

public class GetGoodServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        DBdao dbd = new DBdao();
        ItemBean selectGood = (ItemBean) dbd.GetGoodInfo(id);
        String jsonString = JSON.toJSONString(selectGood);
        out.print(jsonString);
        }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

然后是DBdao

public class DBdao {
    private static Connection conn = null;
    SimpleDateFormat sdf;
    public DBdao() {

        sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    }

    //根据商品id查询商品
    public ItemBean GetGoodInfo(String good_id){
        String sql = "select * from good where id=?";
        ItemBean i = null;
        ResultSet executeQuery = null;
        PreparedStatement pstm =null;
        try {
            conn = DAOutils.getConnInstance();
            pstm = (PreparedStatement) conn
                    .prepareStatement(sql);
            pstm.setString(1, good_id);
            executeQuery = pstm.executeQuery();
            while (executeQuery.next()) {
                ItemBean ib = new ItemBean();
                ib.setId(executeQuery.getInt(1));
                ib.setGoodName(executeQuery.getString(2));
                ib.setGoodNum(executeQuery.getString(3));
                ib.setGoodTime(executeQuery.getString(4));
                i = ib;
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            DAOutils.release(conn, pstm, executeQuery);
        }
        return i;
    }

ItemBean如下：

public class ItemBean {
    private int id;
    private String goodName;
    private String goodNum;
    private String  goodTime;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getGoodName() {
        return goodName;
    }
    public void setGoodName(String goodName) {
        this.goodName = goodName;
    }
    public String getGoodNum() {
        return goodNum;
    }
    public void setGoodNum(String goodNum) {
        this.goodNum = goodNum;
    }
    public String getGoodTime() {
        return goodTime;
    }
    public void setGoodTime(String goodTime) {
        this.goodTime = goodTime;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ItemBean [id=" + id + ", goodName=" + goodName + ", goodNum="
                + goodNum + ", goodTime=" + goodTime + ", getId()=" + getId()
                + ", getGoodName()=" + getGoodName() + ", getGoodNum()="
                + getGoodNum() + ", getGoodTime()=" + getGoodTime()
                + ", getClass()=" + getClass() + ", hashCode()=" + hashCode()
                + ", toString()=" + super.toString() + "]";
    }

}

最后注意web.xml里的配置：

    <servlet>
        <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
        <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
        <servlet-name>GetGoodServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>severlet.GetGoodServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>GetGoodServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/search</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

四. jsp里请求服务器数据

index.jsp的代码

<%@page import="bean.ItemBean"%>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>

<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
</head>

<body>
    <form action="search">
        password:<input type="text" name="id">
        <br> 
        <input type="submit">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

其中需要输入的id是商品id，用来查询数据库条件。

五. 用浏览器测试
浏览器输入http://172.24.68.163:8080/TestServer/index.jsp回车，输入框内输入1，点提交，浏览器就会以json显示数据库查询到的id为1的数据：
{“goodName”:”milk”,”goodNum”:”20”,”goodTime”:”2017-04-07”,”id”:1}

到此，简单的服务器搭建部署测试就完成了，局域网内的安卓程序通过接口也可获取数据。虽然很简单，主要以此来记录开发中的步骤以防忘得干净。