centos7安装python3.5

python官网地址：
https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-354/

解压移动到/usr/lcoal下

tar -zxf Python-3.5.4.tgz
mv Python-3.5.4 /usr/local/

安装依赖

yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel

查看旧的python

[root@localhost opt]# ll /usr/bin | grep python
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root         7 7月  19 03:17 python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root         9 7月  19 03:17 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      7136 11月  6 2016 python2.7

只删掉旧的python软连接，只删除此软连接的好处是可以保留python2.7，让2与3并存，而且yum也依赖python2

 rm -rf/usr/bin/python

开始编译安装python

cd /usr/local/Python-3.5.4/
./configure
make && make install

报错 未安装合适的编译器

configure: error: in `/usr/local/Python-3.5.4':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details

解决方案

yum install gcc-c++

报错

[root@localhost Python-3.5.4]# yum install gcc-c++
-bash: /usr/bin/yum: /usr/bin/python: 坏的解释器: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost Python-3.5.4]# cd /usr/bin/

由于上面的步骤删除了python依赖，而yum安装要此依赖，而且python升级完有一个问题是，yum还是需要python2.7，正好趁现在直接修改下配置，解决方案
vim /usr/bin/yum

#!/usr/bin/python 换成 #!/usr/bin/python2.7

vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down

#! /usr/bin/python2换成#! /usr/bin/python2.7

重新执行yum install gcc-c++
成功

再次尝试编译安装

cd /usr/local/Python-3.5.4/
./configure
make && make install

成功~~~

cd /usr/bin
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 python

最终效果

[root@localhost bin]# python
Python 3.5.4 (default, Nov 25 2017, 00:17:01) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
[root@localhost bin]# python2
Python 2.7.5 (default, Nov  6 2016, 00:28:07) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()

接下来安装一些必要的库

 pip3 install numpy
 pip3 install mkl
 pip3 install atlas
 ......

ok